Vezina W C, Grace D M, Hutton L C, Alfieri M H, Colby P R, Downey D B, Vanderwerf R J, White N F, Ward R P
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Campus, London Health Sciences Center, Ontario, Canada.
Dig Dis Sci. 1998 Mar;43(3):554-61. doi: 10.1023/a:1018863108262.
Diets containing essentially no fat, 1-2 g fat per day, have resulted in cholesterol gallstones. Greater fat may result in less gallbladder stasis. Do gallstones form with greater fat content? We studied 272 moderately obese subjects who had normal gallbladder ultrasonograms. The 900 kcal/day liquid diets contained either 16 g fat (N = 94) or 30 g fat (N = 178) each day for 13 weeks. A second gallbladder ultrasound was performed. Sixteen of 94 (17.0%) of the 16-g fat group developed stones with a weight loss of 18 (+/- 7) kg and a body mass index (BMI) decrease of 6 (+/- 2) kg/m2. Twenty of 178 (11.2%) of the 30-g fat group developed stones (P = 0.18, no difference in stone formation) with similar weight loss of 20 (+/- 7) kg (P = 0.08) and BMI decrease of 7 (+/- 2) kg/m2 (P = 0.04). Substantial fat for rapid weight-reducing diets resulted in gallstone formation. Since experiments have shown that our higher fat diet, containing 10 g fat per meal, results in maximal gallbladder emptying, cholelithiasis from rapid weight loss may not be solely attributable to gallbladder stasis.
基本不含脂肪（每天1 - 2克脂肪）的饮食会导致胆固醇胆结石。脂肪含量更高可能会减少胆囊淤滞。脂肪含量更高时会形成胆结石吗？我们研究了272名胆囊超声检查正常的中度肥胖受试者。每天900千卡的流食饮食，其中一组（N = 94）每天含16克脂肪，另一组（N = 178）每天含30克脂肪，持续13周。之后进行了第二次胆囊超声检查。16克脂肪组的94人中有16人（17.0%）形成了结石，体重减轻了18（±7）千克，体重指数（BMI）下降了6（±2）千克/平方米。30克脂肪组的178人中有20人（11.2%）形成了结石（P = 0.18，结石形成无差异），体重减轻情况相似，为20（±7）千克（P = 0.08），BMI下降了7（±2）千克/平方米（P = 0.04）。快速减重饮食中大量脂肪会导致胆结石形成。由于实验表明我们每餐含10克脂肪的高脂肪饮食会使胆囊排空最大化，快速减重引起的胆石症可能并非完全归因于胆囊淤滞。
