Lankaputhra W E, Shah N P
Centre for Bioprocessing and Food Technology, Victoria University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
Mutat Res. 1998 Feb 2;397(2):169-82. doi: 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00208-x.
Antimutagenic activities of live and killed cells of 6 strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus and 9 strains of bifidobacteria and of organic acids usually produced by these probiotic bacteria were determined using 8 potent chemical mutagens and promutagens. The mutagens and promutagens used were N-methyl, N'-nitro, N-nitrosoguanidine; 2-nitroflourene; 4-nitro-O-phenylenediamine; 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide; Aflatoxin-B; 2-amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazoquinoline; 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-imidazo (4,5-b) pyridine, and 2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido (3,3-6) indole. The mutagenicity of these mutagens and antimutagenic activity of probiotic bacteria against the mutagens were determined according to the Ames TA-100 assay using a mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. Efficiency of bacterial cells in binding or inhibiting these mutagens was also investigated. Live cells of probiotic bacteria showed higher antimutagenic activity and their efficiency in inhibiting the mutagens was better than killed bacterial cells. Live bacterial cells bound or inhibited the mutagens permanently, whereas killed bacteria released mutagens upon extraction with dimethyl sulfoxide. Among the organic acids, butyric acid showed highest inhibition of mutagens followed by acetic acid. Lactic and pyruvic acids did not show appreciable levels of inhibition.
使用8种强效化学诱变剂和前诱变剂，测定了6株嗜酸乳杆菌和9株双歧杆菌的活细胞与死细胞以及这些益生菌通常产生的有机酸的抗诱变活性。所使用的诱变剂和前诱变剂为N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍；2-硝基芴；4-硝基邻苯二胺；4-硝基喹啉-N-氧化物；黄曲霉毒素B；2-氨基-3-甲基-3H-咪唑并喹啉；2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑(4,5-b)吡啶，以及2-氨基-3-甲基-9H-吡啶并(3,3-b)吲哚。根据使用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌突变体的Ames TA-100试验，测定了这些诱变剂的诱变性以及益生菌对诱变剂的抗诱变活性。还研究了细菌细胞结合或抑制这些诱变剂的效率。益生菌的活细胞表现出更高的抗诱变活性，并且它们抑制诱变剂的效率优于死细菌细胞。活细菌细胞永久性地结合或抑制诱变剂，而死细菌在用二甲基亚砜提取时会释放诱变剂。在有机酸中，丁酸对诱变剂的抑制作用最强，其次是乙酸。乳酸和丙酮酸没有表现出明显的抑制水平。
