McEwan M, Macfarlane Smith W H
Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, UK.
Clin Exp Allergy. 1998 Mar;28(3):332-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1998.00234.x.
Oilseed rape has been associated by rural dwellers with seasonal symptoms, such as sneezing, coughing, headache and eye irritation, during its flowering season, for a number of years. This study was performed to identify the volatile chemicals emitted from oilseed rape in the field.
The objective of this study was to establish which volatile chemicals may be causative factors of oilseed rape allergy/toxicity.
The volatile organic compounds were sampled over the flowering period using a modified entrainment technique for headspace analysis under field conditions. These volatiles were then identified using thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
The major constituents identified were the monoterpenes limonene, sabinene, beta-myrcene, and cis-3-hexen-l-ol acetate, a 'green leaf' volatile. The minor constituents included monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, short chain aldehydes and ketones, other 'green leaf' volatiles and organic sulphides including the respiratory irritant, dimethyl disulphide.
This report highlights the diversity of volatile chemicals emitted by oilseed rape and confirms field emissions to be broadly similar to those found previously in laboratory studies. A review is carried out on the scientific literature already published on oilseed rape flower headspace analysis.
多年来，农村居民一直认为油菜在开花季节会引发季节性症状，如打喷嚏、咳嗽、头痛和眼睛不适。本研究旨在确定田间油菜释放的挥发性化学物质。
本研究的目的是确定哪些挥发性化学物质可能是油菜过敏/毒性的致病因素。
在开花期，采用改良的吸附技术对挥发性有机化合物进行采样，用于田间条件下的顶空分析。然后使用热解吸-气相色谱-质谱法对这些挥发物进行鉴定。
鉴定出的主要成分是单萜类化合物柠檬烯、桧烯、β-月桂烯和顺式-3-己烯-1-醇乙酸酯，一种“绿叶”挥发物。次要成分包括单萜类化合物、倍半萜类化合物、短链醛和酮、其他“绿叶”挥发物以及有机硫化物，包括呼吸道刺激物二甲基二硫。
本报告强调了油菜释放的挥发性化学物质的多样性，并证实田间排放物与先前在实验室研究中发现的排放物大致相似。对已发表的关于油菜花顶空分析的科学文献进行了综述。
