Piipari R, Tuppurainen M, Tuomi T, Mäntylä L, Henriks-Eckerman M L, Keskinen H, Nordman H
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki.
Clin Exp Allergy. 1998 Mar;28(3):358-62. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1998.00232.x.
Amino alcohols are low molecular weight chemicals used widely in industrial processes, often as minor constituents. They have been found to cause allergic contact dermatitis. Marked exposure through airways is uncommon in other than occupational settings where chemicals containing amino alcohols may be heated or vaporized, liberating free amino alcohols into the ambient air. A few cases of asthma and allergic rhinitis have been reported, but the amounts inducing the airway reactions have not been defined.
To further characterize ethanolamine-induced asthma and define the concentration inducing the asthmatic reaction, a case of diethanolamine-induced occupational asthma in a patient handling diethanolamine containing cutting fluid is reported.
Suspicion of work related asthma was raised by symptoms and peak expiratory flow monitorings at work and at home. Specific bronchial provocation tests with the cutting fluid containing DEA and with DEA aerosol at two different concentration below the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists threshold limit value of DEA (2.0 mg/m3) were done.
DEA caused asthmatic airway obstruction at two different concentrations below the ACGIH TLV. A slight dose-response relationship was observed. Specific IgE-antibodies against DEA could not be found.
DEA is able to induce occupational asthma by a sensitization mechanism, the exact pathophysiological mechanism of which is not known.
氨基醇是低分子量化学物质，在工业生产过程中广泛使用，通常作为次要成分。已发现它们可引起过敏性接触性皮炎。除了在含有氨基醇的化学品可能被加热或汽化从而将游离氨基醇释放到周围空气中的职业环境外，通过呼吸道的明显暴露并不常见。已有少数哮喘和过敏性鼻炎病例报告，但引发气道反应的量尚未明确。
为了进一步描述乙醇胺诱发的哮喘并确定诱发哮喘反应的浓度，本文报告了一例在处理含二乙醇胺切削液的患者中由二乙醇胺诱发的职业性哮喘病例。
通过工作时和在家时的症状及呼气峰值流速监测，怀疑与工作相关的哮喘。使用含有二乙醇胺的切削液以及两种低于美国政府工业卫生学家会议二乙醇胺阈限值（2.0毫克/立方米）的不同浓度的二乙醇胺气雾剂进行特异性支气管激发试验。
在低于美国政府工业卫生学家会议阈限值的两种不同浓度下，二乙醇胺均引起哮喘性气道阻塞。观察到轻微的剂量反应关系。未发现针对二乙醇胺的特异性IgE抗体。
二乙醇胺能够通过致敏机制诱发职业性哮喘，其确切的病理生理机制尚不清楚。
