白人和非裔美国人之间的婴儿死亡率差异：母亲教育程度的影响。
Infant mortality differences between whites and African Americans: the effect of maternal education.
作者信息
Din-Dzietham R, Hertz-Picciotto I
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1998 Apr;88(4):651-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.4.651.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Despite decreasing infant mortality in North Carolina, the gap between African Americans and Whites persists. This study examined how racial differences in infant mortality vary by maternal education.
METHODS
Data came from Linked Birth and Infant Death files for 1988 through 1993. Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for confounders.
RESULTS
Infant mortality risk ratios comparing African Americans and Whites increased with higher levels of maternal education. Education beyond high school reduced risk of infant mortality by 20% among Whites but had little effect among African Americans.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher education magnifies racial differences in infant mortality on a multiplicative scale. Possible reasons include greater stress, fewer economic resources, and poorer quality of prenatal care among African Americans.
摘要
目的
尽管北卡罗来纳州的婴儿死亡率在下降，但非裔美国人和白人之间的差距依然存在。本研究探讨了婴儿死亡率的种族差异如何因母亲教育程度而异。
方法
数据来自1988年至1993年的出生与婴儿死亡关联档案。采用多元逻辑回归模型对混杂因素进行校正。
结果
比较非裔美国人和白人的婴儿死亡率风险比随着母亲教育程度的提高而增加。高中以上教育使白人的婴儿死亡风险降低了20%，但对非裔美国人几乎没有影响。
结论
高等教育在乘法尺度上放大了婴儿死亡率的种族差异。可能的原因包括非裔美国人压力更大、经济资源更少以及产前护理质量更差。
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