Modular augments in revision total knee arthroplasty.

Modularity in total knee arthroplasty is extremely helpful in the management of patients with complex primary and revision total knee arthroplasties. Modularity allows selective augmentation to deal with bone deficiencies on the distal and posterior femur. The ability to selectively augment the femur is very helpful in balancing the soft tissues and providing stability. Selective augmentation of the femur allows restoration of the joint line and more normal patellar and collateral ligament kinematics. Selective modular augments on the tibia allow dealing with bone deficiency without the concerns of bone graft incorporation. Modular extended intramedullary stems allow the option of either press-fit or cement fixation of the stem, entailing the stem diameter length to the given patient.