Stone M, Gabrieli J D, Stebbins G T, Sullivan E V
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, USA.
Neuropsychology. 1998 Apr;12(2):278-88. doi: 10.1037//0894-4105.12.2.278.
Working memory and its contribution to performance on strategic memory tests in schizophrenia were studied. Patients (n = 18) and control participants (n = 15), all men, received tests of immediate memory (forward digit span), working memory (listening, computation, and backward digit span), and long-term strategic (free recall, temporal order, and self-ordered pointing) and nonstrategic (recognition) memory. Schizophrenia patients performed worse on all tests. Education, verbal intelligence, and immediate memory capacity did not account for deficits in working memory in schizophrenia patients. Reduced working memory capacity accounted for group differences in strategic memory but not in recognition memory. Working memory impairment may be central to the profile of impaired cognitive performance in schizophrenia and is consistent with hypothesized frontal lobe dysfunction associated with this disease. Additional medial-temporal dysfunction may account for the recognition memory deficit.
研究了工作记忆及其对精神分裂症患者策略性记忆测试表现的影响。患者（n = 18）和对照参与者（n = 15）均为男性，接受了即时记忆（顺背数字广度）、工作记忆（听、计算和倒背数字广度）以及长期策略性（自由回忆、时间顺序和自我顺序指向）和非策略性（识别）记忆测试。精神分裂症患者在所有测试中的表现均较差。教育程度、言语智力和即时记忆能力并不能解释精神分裂症患者工作记忆的缺陷。工作记忆能力的降低解释了两组在策略性记忆方面的差异，但不能解释识别记忆方面的差异。工作记忆损害可能是精神分裂症认知功能受损特征的核心，并且与该疾病相关的额叶功能障碍假说一致。额外的内侧颞叶功能障碍可能解释了识别记忆缺陷。
