Smith G L, Large M M, Kavanagh D J, Karayanidis F, Barrett N A, Michie P T, O'Sullivan B T
Department of Psychiatry, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1998 Aug;107(3):390-8. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.107.3.390.
In this study, sustained, selective, divided, and switching attention, and reloading of working memory were investigated in schizophrenia by using a newly developed Visual Attention Battery (VAB). Twenty-four outpatients with schizophrenia and 24 control participants were studied using the VAB. Performance on VAB components was correlated with performance of standard tests. Patients with schizophrenia were significantly impaired on VAB tasks that required switching of attention and reloading of working memory but had normal performance on tasks involving sustained attention or attention to multiple stimulus features. Switching attention and reloading of working memory were highly correlated with Trails (B-A) score for patients. The decline in performance on the switching-attention task in patients with schizophrenia met criteria for a differential deficit in switching attention. Future research should examine the neurophysiological basis of the switching deficit and its sensitivity and specificity to schizophrenia.
在本研究中，通过使用新开发的视觉注意力测试组合（VAB），对精神分裂症患者的持续性、选择性、分散性和转换性注意力以及工作记忆的重新加载进行了研究。使用VAB对24名精神分裂症门诊患者和24名对照参与者进行了研究。VAB各组成部分的表现与标准测试的表现相关。精神分裂症患者在需要注意力转换和工作记忆重新加载的VAB任务上有显著损害，但在涉及持续性注意力或对多种刺激特征的注意力的任务上表现正常。注意力转换和工作记忆的重新加载与患者的连线测验（B-A）得分高度相关。精神分裂症患者在注意力转换任务上的表现下降符合注意力转换差异缺陷的标准。未来的研究应检查转换缺陷的神经生理基础及其对精神分裂症的敏感性和特异性。
