Fried B J, Johnsen M C, Starrett B E, Calloway M O, Morrissey J P
Department of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-7400, USA.
Community Ment Health J. 1998 Feb;34(1):39-56. doi: 10.1023/a:1018712212309.
The community support network has been well-established as a requirement for community treatment of individuals with severe mental disorders. This network generally consists of a multidisciplinary set of organizations that interrelate in some manner with individuals in the community. The question of coordination within this network has been much discussed; however little published research has empirically examined the types and extent of coordination among network organizations. In particular, little attention has been given to community support networks in rural communities. In each of seven rural counties, information was obtained on inter-actions among organizations in the community support network. These networks were analyzed to yield information on network density and centralization. Using measures of centrality, the most central organizations in each network were identified. Exchanges of information were the most common type of interaction among organizations in each network. Client referrals occurred less frequently, and sharing of resources was an even rarer phenomenon. Network analysis of community support networks provides an objective perspective on the structure of community support networks. An understanding of exchange among organizations within these networks is of value to administrators, clinicians, and planners interested in achieving greater effectiveness, as well as to patients, their families, and advocacy groups concerned with access and quality of care.
社区支持网络已被确立为对患有严重精神障碍的个人进行社区治疗的一项必要条件。该网络通常由多学科的一组组织构成，这些组织以某种方式与社区中的个人相互关联。关于该网络内部的协调问题已被广泛讨论；然而，鲜有已发表的研究从实证角度考察网络组织之间协调的类型和程度。特别是，农村社区的社区支持网络很少受到关注。在七个农村县中的每一个，都获取了关于社区支持网络中各组织之间互动的信息。对这些网络进行了分析，以得出有关网络密度和集中化的信息。利用中心性度量方法，确定了每个网络中最核心的组织。信息交流是每个网络中各组织之间最常见的互动类型。客户转诊发生的频率较低，资源共享则更为罕见。对社区支持网络的网络分析为社区支持网络的结构提供了一个客观的视角。了解这些网络中各组织之间的交流，对于那些希望提高效率的管理人员、临床医生和规划人员，以及对于关注医疗服务可及性和质量的患者、其家属及倡导团体而言，都是有价值的。
