Hoar R M, Calvano C J, Reddy P P, Bauer S B, Mandell J
Division of Urology, Albany Medical College, New York 12208, USA.
Teratology. 1998 Feb;57(2):64-9. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9926(199802)57:2<64::AID-TERA4>3.0.CO;2-6.
A rare case of ectopic scrotum is described together with a review of the literature and a discussion of the embryological role of the gubernaculum in the formation and location of normal and ectopic scrota. We identified 16 reported cases of a suprainguinal ectopic scrotum, 4 cases of a femoral ectopic scrotum, 26 cases of penoscrotal transposition, and 19 cases of a perineal (accessory) scrotum. Although the gubernaculum is a prerequisite for the ultimate location of both the testis and scrotum, its role is complicated by the subsequent differential growth of the labioscrotal folds in which the gubernaculum is stabilized. If this interaction is disturbed, the result may be a suprainguinal ectopia, penoscrotal transposition or a perineal scrotum. A femoral ectopic scrotum, unlike the above, is the result of an aberrant gubernacular stabilization. While the etiology of these malformations is likely to be multifactorial, the existence of an inbred strain of rats characterized by a high incidence of an ectopic scrotum suggests a genetic component to this anomaly.
本文描述了一例罕见的异位阴囊病例，并对相关文献进行了综述，同时讨论了睾丸引带在正常阴囊和异位阴囊形成及定位中的胚胎学作用。我们确定了16例腹股沟上异位阴囊的报告病例、4例股部异位阴囊病例、26例阴茎阴囊转位病例以及19例会阴（副）阴囊病例。虽然睾丸引带是睾丸和阴囊最终定位的先决条件，但其作用因随后固定睾丸引带的阴唇阴囊皱襞的差异生长而变得复杂。如果这种相互作用受到干扰，结果可能是腹股沟上异位、阴茎阴囊转位或会阴阴囊。与上述情况不同，股部异位阴囊是睾丸引带异常固定的结果。虽然这些畸形的病因可能是多因素的，但存在一种以异位阴囊高发病率为特征的近交系大鼠表明该异常存在遗传因素。
