Sweeney J A, Strojwas M H, Mann J J, Thase M E
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 1998 Apr 15;43(8):584-94. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00485-x.
Neurobehavioral studies have identified multiple cognitive and motor system disturbances in depressed patients. Neuroimaging studies have identified abnormalities in neocortex, striatum, and cerebellar vermis that are probable causes of these impairments.
To further clarify the origins of motor and cognitive disturbances in major depression, unmedicated depressed inpatients (n = 29) and an age- and gendermatched healthy comparison group (n = 19) were tested with a battery of oculomotor tasks selected to assess the functional integrity of frontostriatal circuitry and the cerebellar vermis.
Depressed patients demonstrated increased rates of response suppression errors on an antisaccade task, less accurate memory for spatial location information in a spatial delayed response task, dysmetric visually guided saccades, and increased rates of saccadic intrusions during visual fixation.
These results provide quantitative documentation of significant disturbances in neurophysiological processes subserved by prefrontal cortex and the cerebellar vermis during episodes of major depression.
神经行为学研究已确定抑郁症患者存在多种认知和运动系统障碍。神经影像学研究已确定新皮层、纹状体和小脑蚓部存在异常，这些异常可能是这些损伤的原因。
为了进一步阐明重度抑郁症中运动和认知障碍的起源，对未用药的抑郁症住院患者（n = 29）和年龄及性别匹配的健康对照组（n = 19）进行了一系列眼动任务测试，这些任务旨在评估额纹状体回路和小脑蚓部的功能完整性。
抑郁症患者在反扫视任务中表现出反应抑制错误率增加，在空间延迟反应任务中对空间位置信息的记忆准确性降低，视觉引导扫视运动失调，以及在视觉注视期间扫视侵入率增加。
这些结果提供了定量证据，证明在重度抑郁发作期间，前额叶皮层和小脑蚓部所支持的神经生理过程存在显著障碍。
