Bakos O, Heimer G
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden.
Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1998;45(3):199-204. doi: 10.1159/000009956.
To evaluate the clinical usefulness of high-resolution transvaginal ultrasonography in pre- and perimenopausal women suspected to have endometrial pathology.
196 women, aged between 32 and 57 years, were referred to the outpatient clinic for a dilatation and curettage (D&C). In 81% the clinical indication was irregular vaginal bleedings. Before the D&C an examination with transvaginal ultrasonography was performed, and the endometrial thickness and texture were determined. The ultrasonographic results were later compared with the histological diagnosis obtained from the D&C specimen.
Ultrasonographically both normal and pathological endometrial changes could be detected, and 82% of the women had an endometrium characterized as normal. The endometrial phase determination correlated with the histological findings in approximately 50% of the women. Histologically 83% of the women had a normal endometrium. Endometrial hyperplasia was found in 12% and endometrial polyps in 4%. There were no malignancies found in this study. The hormone users (33% of the women) had no higher incidence of hyperplasias than non-users.
Our data indicate that transvaginal ultrasonography is as effective as the D&C for depicting the endometrium in pre- and perimenopausal women with irregular bleedings.
评估高分辨率经阴道超声检查对疑似患有子宫内膜病变的绝经前和围绝经期女性的临床实用性。
196名年龄在32至57岁之间的女性被转诊至门诊进行刮宫术（D&C）。81%的临床指征为不规则阴道出血。在刮宫术前进行经阴道超声检查，测定子宫内膜厚度和质地。随后将超声检查结果与刮宫标本的组织学诊断结果进行比较。
超声检查能够检测到正常和病理性的子宫内膜变化，82%的女性子宫内膜表现正常。约50%的女性子宫内膜期的判定与组织学结果相符。组织学检查显示，83%的女性子宫内膜正常。12%的女性发现子宫内膜增生，4%的女性发现子宫内膜息肉。本研究未发现恶性肿瘤。使用激素的女性（占女性总数的33%）增生发生率并不高于未使用者。
我们的数据表明，经阴道超声检查在描绘有不规则出血的绝经前和围绝经期女性的子宫内膜方面与刮宫术效果相当。
