Rath N C, Chapman H D, Fitz-Coy S H, Balog J M, Huff G R, Huff W E
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA.
Poult Sci. 1998 Apr;77(4):523-8. doi: 10.1093/ps/77.4.523.
Roxarsone and monensin are common poultry feed additives that are used alone or in combination with other drugs to improve growth and feed utilization in young birds. The effects of monensin and roxarsone on the physiology of flexoral tendons of broiler chickens were examined to understand their relationships to leg weakness that have been occasionally associated with these drugs. Day-old chickens were fed either roxarsone or monensin for a period of 6 wk with two regimens of each of the drugs (roxarsone, 45.4 or 90.8 g/ton feed; monensin, 100 or 150 g/ton feed). None of the treatments had any adverse effect on the growth of the birds or caused any significant leg problem. Roxarsone at 45.4 g/ton caused a significant gain in body weight. The biomechanical strength of digital flexoral tendons was measured in several ways. There were no statistical differences in load at break, the modulus of elasticity, or stress or strain levels between different treatment groups and birds that received no medication. There were no differences in collagen, proteoglycan, and pyridinoline content of tendons. Sequential extraction of tendons with different solvents revealed a significant increase in the percentage of guanidine HCl extractible collagens in monensin-treated birds, and a decrease in the acid extractible collagen in both roxarsone- and monensin-treated groups. The relative content of collagen in acid extractible collagens were significantly small relative to total collagen content. Majority of collagen (84 to 90%) was extractible with pepsin. About 8 to 11% of total collagen was resistant to pepsin that was extractible with collagenase; this did not differ between treatment groups. Roxarsone treatment had no effect on the guanidine soluble collagen pool. The effect of monensin on the increase in guanidine soluble pool of collagen may relate to its disruptive effects on cellular secretory processes, which may be of significance in modulating connective tissue function in conjunction with other factors. However, in the present study, neither roxarsone nor monensin alone produced any significant leg problems nor caused any significant differences in the physiology of flexoral tendons or altered their biomechanical properties.
洛克沙胂和莫能菌素是常见的家禽饲料添加剂，它们单独使用或与其他药物联合使用，以促进幼禽生长并提高饲料利用率。研究了莫能菌素和洛克沙胂对肉鸡屈肌腱生理的影响，以了解它们与偶尔与这些药物相关的腿部无力之间的关系。将一日龄雏鸡用洛克沙胂或莫能菌素喂养6周，每种药物有两种给药方案（洛克沙胂，45.4或90.8克/吨饲料；莫能菌素，100或150克/吨饲料）。没有一种处理对鸡的生长有任何不良影响，也没有引起任何明显的腿部问题。45.4克/吨的洛克沙胂使体重显著增加。通过多种方法测量了指屈肌腱的生物力学强度。不同处理组与未用药的鸡之间，在断裂负荷、弹性模量、应力或应变水平上没有统计学差异。肌腱中的胶原蛋白、蛋白聚糖和吡啶啉含量没有差异。用不同溶剂对肌腱进行顺序提取显示，莫能菌素处理的鸡中盐酸胍可提取胶原蛋白的百分比显著增加，而洛克沙胂和莫能菌素处理组中酸可提取胶原蛋白均减少。相对于总胶原蛋白含量，酸可提取胶原蛋白中的胶原蛋白相对含量显著较少。大多数胶原蛋白（84%至90%）可用胃蛋白酶提取。约8%至11%的总胶原蛋白对胃蛋白酶有抗性，但可用胶原酶提取；各处理组之间无差异。洛克沙胂处理对胍溶性胶原蛋白池没有影响。莫能菌素对胶原蛋白胍溶性池增加的影响可能与其对细胞分泌过程的破坏作用有关，这可能与其他因素共同调节结缔组织功能具有重要意义。然而，在本研究中，单独使用洛克沙胂或莫能菌素均未产生任何明显的腿部问题，也未导致屈肌腱生理上的任何显著差异，或改变其生物力学特性。
