Hanai S, Uchida M, Kobayashi S, Miwa M, Uchida K
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Oncology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
J Biol Chem. 1998 May 8;273(19):11881-6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.273.19.11881.
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of proteins catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP; EC 2.4.2.30) modulates several biological activities. However, little is known about the role of PARP in developmental process. Here we report the organization of the Drosophila PARP gene and the expression patterns during Drosophila development. The Drosophila PARP gene was a single copy gene mapped at 81F and composed of six exons. Organization of exons corresponds to the functional domains of PARP. The DNA-binding domain was encoded by exons 1, 2, 3, and 4. The auto-modification domain was encoded by exon 5, and the catalytic domain was in exon 6. The promoter region of the PARP gene contained putative TATA box and CCAAT box unlike human PARP. Expression of the PARP gene was at high levels in embryos at 0-6 h after egg laying and gradually decreased until 8 h. PARP mRNA increased again at 8-12 h and was observed in pupae and adult flies but not in larvae. In situ mRNA hybridization of embryos revealed large amount of PARP mRNA observed homogeneously except the pole cells at the early stage of embryos, possibly due to presence of the maternal mRNA for PARP, and decreased gradually until the stage 12 in which stage PARP mRNA localized in anal plates. At late stage of embryogenesis PARP mRNA was localized in cells along the central nervous system.
由聚（ADP - 核糖）聚合酶（PARP；EC 2.4.2.30）催化的蛋白质聚（ADP - 核糖）基化作用调节多种生物学活性。然而，关于PARP在发育过程中的作用却知之甚少。在此我们报道果蝇PARP基因的结构以及在果蝇发育过程中的表达模式。果蝇PARP基因是一个单拷贝基因，定位于81F，由六个外显子组成。外显子的结构与PARP的功能结构域相对应。DNA结合结构域由外显子1、2、3和4编码。自身修饰结构域由外显子5编码，催化结构域在外显子6中。与人类PARP不同，PARP基因的启动子区域含有假定的TATA盒和CCAAT盒。PARP基因在产卵后0 - 6小时的胚胎中表达水平较高，然后逐渐下降直至8小时。PARP mRNA在8 - 12小时再次增加，并在蛹和成虫中观察到，但在幼虫中未观察到。胚胎的原位mRNA杂交显示，在胚胎早期，除极细胞外，PARP mRNA均匀分布，这可能是由于存在PARP的母源mRNA，并且PARP mRNA逐渐减少直至第12阶段，在该阶段PARP mRNA定位于肛板。在胚胎发生后期，PARP mRNA定位于沿中枢神经系统的细胞中。
