Uche-Nwachi E O
Anatomy & Cell Biology Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad.
Anat Rec. 1998 Apr;250(4):426-9. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(199804)250:4<426::AID-AR5>3.0.CO;2-V.
Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine preparations are used commonly for the treatment and or prevention of malaria in the endemic regions of Sub-Sahara Africa. Pyrimethamine alone has been shown to be teratogenic in rats, mice and hamsters, and others animals.
Pregnant Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The first group received a therapeutic dose of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (0.72 mg/kg body weight) intramuscularly (1.m) on the 5th, 12th, and 19th of gestation (3 doses). The second group received a similar dose on the 10th and 17th days of gestation (2 doses); the third group received the same dose on the 15th and 22nd days of gestation (2 doses). Controls for each group received 2 ml of physiological saline through the same route on similar days instead of the drugs.
All control animals produced normal litters (average 5.6), but group 3a animals produced litters with no obvious congenital malformations (average 4.8). Animals in groups 1a and 2a produced no litters. When they were sacrificed, they showed implantation sites in their uterine horns. Histological sections of these implantation sites showed that the embryos had been resorbed.
Therapeutic dose of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (0.72 mg/kg body weight) administered early in gestation resulted in complete embryo resorption in Wistar rats. The use of these preparations in early pregnancy in man demands caution.
磺胺多辛 - 乙胺嘧啶制剂常用于撒哈拉以南非洲疟疾流行地区的疟疾治疗和/或预防。单独使用乙胺嘧啶已被证明在大鼠、小鼠、仓鼠及其他动物中具有致畸性。
将怀孕的Wistar大鼠分为三组。第一组在妊娠第5天、第12天和第19天肌肉注射治疗剂量的磺胺多辛 - 乙胺嘧啶（0.72毫克/千克体重）（3剂）。第二组在妊娠第10天和第17天接受相似剂量（2剂）；第三组在妊娠第15天和第22天接受相同剂量（2剂）。每组的对照组在相似日期通过相同途径接受2毫升生理盐水而非药物。
所有对照动物产仔正常（平均5.6只），但3a组动物产仔无明显先天性畸形（平均4.8只）。1a组和2a组动物未产仔。处死时，它们的子宫角有着床部位。这些着床部位的组织切片显示胚胎已被吸收。
妊娠早期给予治疗剂量的磺胺多辛 - 乙胺嘧啶（0.72毫克/千克体重）导致Wistar大鼠胚胎完全被吸收。在人类妊娠早期使用这些制剂需谨慎。
