Tari Rachida Moussa, Diallo Aboudoulatif, Kouame Emmanuelle, Assogba Phénix, Badjabaissi Essotolom, Povi Lawson-Evi, Bakoma Batomayena, Potchoo Yao, Tona Kokou
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lome, Lome, Togo.
Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Poultry Science, University of Lome, BP 1515 Lome, Togo.
J Toxicol. 2022 Mar 15;2022:2995492. doi: 10.1155/2022/2995492. eCollection 2022.
The sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combination is a product used in the intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) of malaria in pregnant women in our country. To date, there is very little data on the teratogenic effect of this product. This study proposed to evaluate the teratogenic effect of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine on chicken embryos.
The teratogenic effect of the product was evaluated on chicken embryos at a dose of 1.3 mg/g sulfadoxine and 0.06 mg/g pyrimethamine. The product was injected before the start of incubation and on days 12, 14, 16, and 18 of incubation. One batch received a double injection of the product on days 16 and 18 of incubation. The quality of the hatched chicks was evaluated by the Tona Score followed by the determination of hematological and biochemical parameters.
From the aforementioned, it appears that the eggs treated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine significantly decreased the hatchability rate of the eggs. The chicks obtained were all of very good quality. Apart from a significant decrease in the weight of the chicks of the batch that received the injection twice and a significant increase in the weight of the yolk sac of the chicks of the batch that received the injection on day 16 compared to the control, no variation was obtained. A significant increase in the white blood cell count of the chicks compared to the control was reported in the chicks of the batch injected before incubation and on day 12, as well as a significant increase in the platelet count of the chicks of the batch injected twice. For biochemical parameters, no significant difference was reported in ALT and AST.
Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine decreased egg hatch and caused an increase in embryo and chick mortality as well as a loss in relative chick weight and an increase in relative yolk sac weight. More in-depth studies would be needed on sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine teratogenicity and the benefit/risk ratio of this drug during pregnancy.
磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶组合制剂是我国用于孕妇疟疾间歇性预防治疗（IPT）的一种产品。迄今为止，关于该产品致畸作用的数据非常少。本研究旨在评估磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶对鸡胚的致畸作用。
以1.3毫克/克磺胺多辛和0.06毫克/克乙胺嘧啶的剂量评估该产品对鸡胚的致畸作用。在孵化开始前以及孵化的第12、14、16和18天注射该产品。一组在孵化的第16天和18天接受该产品的两次注射。通过托纳评分评估孵化出的雏鸡质量，随后测定血液学和生化参数。
从上述情况来看，用磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶处理的鸡蛋显著降低了鸡蛋的孵化率。获得的雏鸡质量都非常好。与对照组相比，除了接受两次注射的批次雏鸡体重显著下降以及在第16天接受注射的批次雏鸡卵黄囊重量显著增加外，未发现其他变化。据报告，在孵化前和第12天注射的批次雏鸡中，与对照组相比白细胞计数显著增加，接受两次注射的批次雏鸡血小板计数也显著增加。对于生化参数，谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）未报告有显著差异。
磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶降低了鸡蛋孵化率，导致胚胎和雏鸡死亡率增加，雏鸡相对体重减轻以及卵黄囊相对重量增加。需要对磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶的致畸性以及该药物在孕期的效益/风险比进行更深入的研究。
