Pumarino H, Contreras L, Kirschbaum A
Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile José Joaquín Aguirre, Santiago, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 1997 Aug;125(8):893-8.
Epidemiology of osteoporosis is assessed measuring bone density or measuring the rates of bone frailty-related fracture rates. Of these, the most important are hip fractures, that markedly increase after 65 years of age.
To measure the incidence of hip fractures in Chile from 1982 to 1993.
All hospital discharges that occurred in Chile from 1982 to 1993 were analyzed, looking for the diagnosis of hip fracture. National censuses in the same period were also analyzed searching for possible changes in the age structure of the population. Fracture rates were analyzed for three age groups, and changes along the years were calculated correlating the rates with the number of the year.
In the twelve year period, women aged 55-64 years old had a correlation of 0.32 (NS), women aged 65-74 years old had a correlation of 0.58 (NS) and women aged over 75 years old had a correlation of 0.95 (p < 0.001). This age group corresponded to 2.01% of the whole population in 1982 and to 2.52% in 1993. The mean age of the group increased from 80.7 to 80.9 years in the same lapse.
Fracture rates increased in the 12 years period studied, specially among women older than 75 years old. During the same period the proportion of people over 75 years old also increased, but there was only a slight increase in its mean age. Thus, the increase in fracture rates is disproportionate to population aging and could be related to changes in lifestyles.
骨质疏松症的流行病学通过测量骨密度或骨脆性相关骨折率来评估。其中，最重要的是髋部骨折，其发生率在65岁之后显著上升。
测量1982年至1993年智利髋部骨折的发生率。
分析了1982年至1993年智利所有医院的出院病例，以查找髋部骨折的诊断情况。还分析了同期的全国人口普查数据，以寻找人口年龄结构可能发生的变化。对三个年龄组的骨折率进行了分析，并计算了多年来骨折率与年份数字之间的相关性变化。
在这十二年期间，55至64岁女性的相关性为0.32（无统计学意义），65至74岁女性的相关性为0.58（无统计学意义），75岁以上女性的相关性为0.95（p<0.001）。该年龄组在1982年占总人口的2.01%，1993年占2.52%。在同一时期，该组的平均年龄从80.7岁增加到80.9岁。
在研究的12年期间，骨折率有所上升，特别是75岁以上的女性。同期，75岁以上人群的比例也有所增加，但其平均年龄仅略有上升。因此，骨折率的上升与人口老龄化不成比例，可能与生活方式的变化有关。
