Kim S, Crutchfield C, Williams C, Hepler N
Database Evaluation Research, Inc., Tampa, Florida, USA.
J Drug Educ. 1998;28(1):1-17. doi: 10.2190/5ET9-X1C2-Q17B-2G6D.
The purpose of this article is to 1) address a paradigm shift taking place in the field of substance abuse prevention directed for youth and 2) to introduce an innovative approach to substance abuse and other problem behavior prevention that reflects this shift in prevention paradigm. The new path introduced is youth development and empowerment (YD&E) approach. In order to establish a conceptual foundation for this approach, this article 3) reviews the theoretical advances made in the field of substance abuse prevention during the last three decades. This is followed by a conceptualization of the processes of implementing the YD&E program by 4) specifying the mechanism used for the empowering processes and by 5) identifying the structural components of the youth empowerment model that serve the empowering processes. It is hoped that this article serves as a conduit for an improved approach to adolescent substance abuse prevention and youth development that goes beyond, rather than against, the traditional risk-factor approach. In this new approach, youths are viewed as assets and resources to our community rather than social problems or community liabilities. The organizing concept of this new paradigm is: social, economic, and public opportunity denied to youth is equal to social problems imposed on youth by adults.
1）探讨针对青少年的药物滥用预防领域正在发生的范式转变；2）介绍一种预防药物滥用及其他问题行为的创新方法，该方法体现了预防范式的这种转变。所介绍的新途径是青少年发展与赋权（YD&E）方法。为了为这种方法奠定概念基础，本文：3）回顾过去三十年药物滥用预防领域取得的理论进展。接下来是对实施YD&E计划过程的概念化，具体方式为：4）明确赋权过程所使用的机制；5）确定服务于赋权过程的青少年赋权模型的结构组成部分。希望本文能成为一种改进方法的渠道，以预防青少年药物滥用并促进青少年发展，这种方法超越而非违背传统的风险因素方法。在这种新方法中，青少年被视为我们社区的资产和资源，而非社会问题或社区负担。这种新范式的组织理念是：青少年被剥夺的社会、经济和公共机会等同于成年人强加给青少年的社会问题。
