Kesson A M
Paediatric Special Interest Group of the Australian Society for Infectious Diseases, Sydney, New South Wales.
J Paediatr Child Health. 1998 Feb;34(1):9-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.1998.00440.x.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 cause a wide range of illnesses ranging from minor cold sores to severe necrotising encephalitis or disseminated systemic infections seen in immunocompromised patients including neonates. Following primary infection, the virus is not eradicated from the body but is latent in sensory nerve ganglia where it can reactivate and cause recurrent disease. Aciclovir is the most studied and used antiviral agent with activity against herpes simplex virus infections. In most situations the use of aciclovir shortens the duration of clinical illness and viral shedding and reduces morbidity and mortality. All life- or sight-threatening infections should be managed in an inpatient hospital setting with intravenous therapy. The use of oral aciclovir is recommended in patients with non-life-threatening illness who may still have significant symptoms.
1型和2型单纯疱疹病毒可引发多种疾病，从轻微的唇疱疹到严重的坏死性脑炎，或在包括新生儿在内的免疫功能低下患者中出现的播散性全身感染。初次感染后，病毒不会从体内根除，而是潜伏在感觉神经节中，在那里它可以重新激活并导致复发性疾病。阿昔洛韦是研究和使用最多的具有抗单纯疱疹病毒感染活性的抗病毒药物。在大多数情况下，使用阿昔洛韦可缩短临床疾病和病毒排出的持续时间，并降低发病率和死亡率。所有危及生命或视力的感染都应在住院医院环境中进行静脉治疗。对于可能仍有明显症状的非危及生命疾病患者，建议使用口服阿昔洛韦。
