Mayer J A, Maciel T L, Orlaski P L, Flynn-Polan G
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, California 92182-4162, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 1998 Apr;14(3):189-95. doi: 10.1016/s0749-3797(97)00060-3.
This study compared patterns in selected health claims on snack cracker packaging and fat content prior to and following enforcement of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 (NLEA).
Through observations at supermarkets in 1991 and 1995, the prevalence on packages of health claims that consumers associate with heart disease prevention was evaluated. The fat content of each product also was recorded. Criteria for potentially misleading claims were developed.
Analysis of both cross-sectional data and products that were available in both years showed that fat content, as well as the number of products containing target claims, had significantly decreased by 1995. The prevalence of potentially misleading claims also declined significantly, from 77% in 1991 to 49% in 1995.
Although the data regarding the changes from 1991 to 1995 are encouraging, the prevalence of potentially misleading health claims for this food category continues to be high.
本研究比较了1990年《营养标签与教育法》（NLEA）实施前后，零食饼干包装上特定健康声明的模式以及脂肪含量。
通过对1991年和1995年超市的观察，评估了包装上消费者认为与预防心脏病相关的健康声明的流行情况。还记录了每种产品的脂肪含量。制定了可能产生误导性声明的标准。
对横断面数据以及这两年都有的产品进行分析表明，到1995年，脂肪含量以及含有目标声明的产品数量都显著下降。可能产生误导性声明的流行率也显著下降，从1991年的77%降至1995年的49%。
尽管1991年至1995年变化的数据令人鼓舞，但该食品类别中可能产生误导性健康声明的流行率仍然很高。
