Gorski Mary T, Roberto Christina A
Interfaculty Initiative in Health Policy, Harvard University, Cambridge.
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences.
J Healthc Leadersh. 2015 Sep 23;7:81-90. doi: 10.2147/JHL.S69188. eCollection 2015.
There is an urgent need to address unhealthy dietary patterns at the population level. Poor diet and physical inactivity are key drivers of the obesity pandemic, and they are among the leading causes of preventable death and disability in nearly every country in the world. As countries grapple with the growing obesity prevalence, many innovative policy options to reduce overeating and improve diet quality remain largely unexplored. We describe recent trends in eating habits and consequences for public health, vulnerabilities to unhealthy eating, and the role for public health policies. We reviewed recent public health policies to promote healthier diet patterns, including mandates, restrictions, economic incentives, marketing limits, information provision, and environmental defaults.
迫切需要在人群层面解决不健康的饮食模式问题。不良饮食和缺乏身体活动是肥胖流行的关键驱动因素，也是世界上几乎每个国家可预防死亡和残疾的主要原因之一。随着各国应对日益增长的肥胖患病率，许多减少暴饮暴食和改善饮食质量的创新政策选择在很大程度上仍未得到探索。我们描述了饮食习惯的最新趋势及其对公众健康的影响、易受不健康饮食影响的因素，以及公共卫生政策的作用。我们审查了近期促进更健康饮食模式的公共卫生政策，包括强制规定、限制措施、经济激励、营销限制、信息提供和环境默认设置。
