O'Meara J M, Chettle D R, McNeill F E, Webber C E
Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Canada.
Appl Radiat Isot. 1998 May-Jun;49(5-6):713-5. doi: 10.1016/s0969-8043(97)00091-2.
This study investigates the applicability of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to measuring bone uranium concentrations, using a 57Co source to excite the uranium X-rays, with the source and detector in an approximate 180 degrees backscatter geometry relative to the sample position. It is demonstrated, by experiment and Monte Carlo simulation, that the X-ray to coherent peak ratio is linearly related to concentration and is independent of variations in source-sample geometry, thickness of overlying tissue and tibia size. Preliminary in vivo measurements indicate a minimum detectable concentration (MDC) of approximately 20 micrograms/g, which may not be sufficiently sensitive for monitoring occupational workers. However, a larger study of occupationally exposed individuals as well as work with subjects with known significant accidental uranium exposures is necessary to assess the clinical usefulness of this system.
本研究使用57Co源激发铀的X射线，源和探测器相对于样品位置呈近似180度的反向散射几何构型，调查X射线荧光（XRF）用于测量骨中铀浓度的适用性。通过实验和蒙特卡罗模拟表明，X射线与相干峰的比率与浓度呈线性关系，且与源 - 样品几何构型、覆盖组织厚度和胫骨大小的变化无关。初步的体内测量表明最低可检测浓度（MDC）约为20微克/克，这对于监测职业工人可能不够灵敏。然而，有必要对职业暴露个体进行更大规模的研究，并对已知有大量意外铀暴露的受试者开展研究，以评估该系统的临床实用性。
