Baggoura B, Noureddine A, Benkrid M
Centre de Radioprotection et de Sûreté, Laboratoire d'Environnement, Algiers, Algeria.
Appl Radiat Isot. 1998 Jul;49(7):867-73. doi: 10.1016/s0969-8043(97)10005-7.
A national environmental sampling program was carried out during 1993 to determine natural and artificial radionuclides contents in the (0-15 cm) upper layer of the soil. The main objective was to establish a radioactive reference level in the whole territory, since 131I, 134Cs and 137Cs were detected in most of the analysed samples collected right after the Chernobyl accident (May 1986). Soil samples were analysed by direct counting by gamma-ray spectrometry. In addition, terrestrial gamma-ray dose rates in air have been measured out of doors throughout Algeria. In each of the 48 administrative divisions of the country selected sites were chosen to collect soil samples and measure gamma-ray dose rates. The gamma-emitting radionuclides resulting from the radioactive decay of 238U and 232Th, 40K and 137Cs were detected in most of the analysed samples. Radioactivity concentrations in Bq kg-1 dry mass in soil samples of 226Ra, 214Pb, 214Bi, 212Pb, 228Ac, 40K and 137Cs range between (5-176), (2-107), (3-65), (2-97), (3-144), (36-1405) and (0.3-41) respectively. In addition, six selected soil samples were analysed to determine plutonium isotopes contents. Radioactivity concentrations in Bq kg-1 dry mass of 238Pu and 239 + 240Pu vary between (0.012-0.013) and (0.24-0.61) respectively. The dose rates in air measured over the whole country were found to range between 20 and 133 nGy h-1. Presence of 137Cs has been clearly observed. An approach has been made to determine its origin, considering the global fallout, the Chernobyl accident and the French nuclear bomb tests in the 60s as the main potential sources. It is concluded that Algeria has indeed been affected by the Chernobyl accident.
1993年开展了一项全国环境采样计划，以测定土壤（0 - 15厘米）上层中的天然和人工放射性核素含量。主要目的是在全国范围内建立一个放射性参考水平，因为在切尔诺贝利事故（1986年5月）后采集的大多数分析样本中都检测到了131I、134Cs和137Cs。土壤样本通过伽马射线能谱直接计数法进行分析。此外，还在阿尔及利亚各地户外测量了空气中的陆地伽马射线剂量率。在该国48个行政区中的每一个行政区，都选择了一些地点来采集土壤样本并测量伽马射线剂量率。在大多数分析样本中都检测到了由238U和232Th放射性衰变产生的伽马发射放射性核素、40K和137Cs。土壤样本中226Ra、214Pb、214Bi、212Pb、228Ac、40K和137Cs的放射性活度浓度（以Bq kg-1干质量计）分别在（5 - 176）、（2 - 107）、（3 - 65）、（2 - 97）、（3 - 144）、（36 - 1405）和（0.3 - 41）之间。此外，对六个选定的土壤样本进行了分析，以测定钚同位素含量。238Pu和239 + 240Pu的放射性活度浓度（以Bq kg-1干质量计）分别在（0.012 - 0.013）和（0.24 - 0.61）之间变化。在全国范围内测量的空气中剂量率在20至133 nGy h-1之间。已清楚观察到137Cs的存在。考虑到全球沉降、切尔诺贝利事故和20世纪6年代法国的核弹试验是主要潜在来源，已着手确定其来源。得出的结论是，阿尔及利亚确实受到了切尔诺贝利事故的影响。
