Pawelec G, Zeuthen J, Kiessling R
Tübingen Ageing and Tumour Immunology Group, Section for Transplantation Immunology, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Germany.
Crit Rev Oncog. 1997;8(2-3):111-41. doi: 10.1615/critrevoncog.v8.i2-3.10.
Cancer cells may express proteins recognizable by the individual's immune system as foreign because they are either tumor-specific or not expressed at high levels in normal tissues to which the host is tolerant. There is now much evidence that tumors can be immunogenic, that is, that they frequently express antigens in a form recognizable by the host immune system. This has been shown not only in experimental animals but also for spontaneously occurring human tumors. Tumors therefore may progress by evolving variants that can evade immune responses or by developing other strategies to "escape" the immune response. The purpose of this review is to consider the current status of knowledge concerning these different tumor escape strategies.
癌细胞可能会表达可被个体免疫系统识别为外来物质的蛋白质，因为它们要么是肿瘤特异性的，要么在宿主耐受的正常组织中不高表达。现在有大量证据表明肿瘤具有免疫原性，也就是说，它们经常以宿主免疫系统可识别的形式表达抗原。这不仅在实验动物中得到了证实，在自发发生的人类肿瘤中也是如此。因此，肿瘤可能通过进化出能够逃避免疫反应的变体，或者通过开发其他策略来“逃脱”免疫反应而进展。本综述的目的是探讨有关这些不同肿瘤逃逸策略的当前知识状况。
