Kasarabada N D, Anglin M D, Khalsa-Denison E, Paredes A
University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Addict Behav. 1998 Mar-Apr;23(2):179-89. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4603(97)00078-6.
This study examined the relationship between patterns of progression of cocaine use and psychosocial functioning in a sample of cocaine-dependent men who were veterans. Four patterns of progression were examined: mild-severe, moderate-severe, mild-moderate-severe, and severe only. Analysis of variance and post hoc analysis with Duncan grouping revealed significant differences among cocaine users with different patterns of progression in terms of negativism, problem index for situations involving unpleasant emotions, problem index for situations involving urges, depression, somatic anxiety, and medical problems in the family. However, there were no significant differences on sensation seeking, confidence to resist taking cocaine in different situations, obsessive compulsiveness, somatization, attention deficit, and social adjustment. Cocaine users with a severe-only pattern of progression were significantly more dysfunctional than those with mild-moderate-severe progression in terms of negativism, problem index for situations involving unpleasant emotions, depression, and somatic anxiety. Cocaine users with mild-moderate-severe progression had significantly less somatic anxiety than those with mild-severe progression and had less negativism and a lower problem index for urges than those with moderate-severe progression. Logistic regression analysis revealed unique behavioral variables associated with different patterns of progression. The implications of these findings for treatment are discussed.
本研究调查了退伍军人中可卡因依赖男性样本的可卡因使用进展模式与心理社会功能之间的关系。研究考察了四种进展模式：轻度-重度、中度-重度、轻度-中度-重度和仅重度。方差分析以及采用邓肯分组的事后分析显示，在消极主义、涉及不愉快情绪情况的问题指数、涉及冲动情况的问题指数、抑郁、躯体焦虑以及家庭医疗问题方面，具有不同进展模式的可卡因使用者之间存在显著差异。然而，在寻求刺激、在不同情况下抵制服用可卡因的信心、强迫观念、躯体化、注意力缺陷和社会适应方面没有显著差异。在消极主义、涉及不愉快情绪情况的问题指数、抑郁和躯体焦虑方面，仅重度进展模式的可卡因使用者比轻度-中度-重度进展模式的使用者功能障碍明显更严重。轻度-中度-重度进展模式的可卡因使用者的躯体焦虑明显低于轻度-重度进展模式的使用者，消极主义和冲动问题指数低于中度-重度进展模式的使用者。逻辑回归分析揭示了与不同进展模式相关的独特行为变量。讨论了这些发现对治疗的意义。
