Goldinger S D
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1104, USA.
Psychol Rev. 1998 Apr;105(2):251-79. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.105.2.251.
In this article the author proposes an episodic theory of spoken word representation, perception, and production. By most theories, idiosyncratic aspects of speech (voice details, ambient noise, etc.) are considered noise and are filtered in perception. However, episodic theories suggest that perceptual details are stored in memory and are integral to later perception. In this research the author tested an episodic model (MINERVA 2; D. L. Hintzman, 1986) against speech production data from a word-shadowing task. The model predicted the shadowing-response-time patterns, and it correctly predicted a tendency for shadowers to spontaneously imitate the acoustic patterns of words and nonwords. It also correctly predicted imitation strength as a function of "abstract" stimulus properties, such as word frequency. Taken together, the data and theory suggest that detailed episodes constitute the basic substrate of the mental lexicon.
在本文中，作者提出了一种关于口语单词表征、感知和产生的情节理论。按照大多数理论，言语的特质方面（声音细节、环境噪音等）被视为噪音，并在感知过程中被过滤掉。然而，情节理论表明，感知细节会存储在记忆中，并且对后续感知至关重要。在这项研究中，作者针对来自单词跟读任务的言语产生数据，测试了一种情节模型（MINERVA 2；D. L. 欣茨曼，1986）。该模型预测了跟读反应时间模式，并且正确地预测了跟读者自发模仿单词和非单词声学模式的倾向。它还根据诸如词频等“抽象”刺激属性，正确地预测了模仿强度。总体而言，数据和理论表明，详细的情节构成了心理词典的基本基础。
