Johnson K A, Cunnington R, Bradshaw J L, Phillips J G, Iansek R, Rogers M A
Department of Psychology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Brain. 1998 Apr;121 ( Pt 4):743-53. doi: 10.1093/brain/121.4.743.
The basal ganglia may be involved in bimanual co-ordination. Parkinson's disease (which impairs basal ganglia output) is clinically reported to cause difficulties in the performance of co-ordinated bimanual movements. Nevertheless, any bimanual co-ordination difficulties may be task specific, as experimental observations are equivocal. To infer the role of the basal ganglia in co-ordinating the two arms, this study investigated the bimanual co-ordination of patients with Parkinson's disease. Sixteen Parkinson's disease patients and matched control subjects performed a bimanual cranking task, at different speeds (1 and 2 Hz) and phase relationships. All subjects performed the required bimanual in-phase movement on a pair of cranks, at fast (2 Hz) and slow (1 Hz) speeds. However, the Parkinson's disease patients were unable to perform the asymmetrical anti-phase movement, in which rotation of the cranks differed by 180 degrees, at either speed; but instead reverted to the in-phase symmetrical movement. For Parkinson's disease patients, performance of the in-phase movement was more accurate and stable when an external timing cue was used; however, for anti-phase movement, the external cue accentuated the tendency for patients to revert to more symmetrical, in-phase movements.
基底神经节可能参与双手协调。临床报告称，帕金森病（会损害基底神经节的输出）会导致双手协调运动出现困难。然而，由于实验观察结果并不明确，任何双手协调困难可能都是特定任务相关的。为了推断基底神经节在协调双臂方面的作用，本研究调查了帕金森病患者的双手协调情况。16名帕金森病患者和匹配的对照受试者进行了双手曲柄任务，任务具有不同的速度（1赫兹和2赫兹）和相位关系。所有受试者都要在一对曲柄上以快速（2赫兹）和慢速（1赫兹）完成所需的双手同相运动。然而，帕金森病患者在任何一种速度下都无法完成不对称的反相运动，即曲柄的旋转相差180度；而是恢复为同相的对称运动。对于帕金森病患者，当使用外部定时提示时，同相运动的表现更准确、更稳定；然而，对于反相运动，外部提示加剧了患者恢复为更对称的同相运动的倾向。
