Colborne G R, Lanovaz J L, Sprigings E J, Schamhardt H C, Clayton H M
Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
Am J Vet Res. 1998 May;59(5):609-14.
To calculate normative joint moments of force and power for the forelimb of walking horses as a benchmark against which to compare these mechanical variables in horses with specific lameness.
4 Dutch Warmblood horses with no recent history of lameness.
Horses were walked by hand through the test area, and data from 5 walking trials were collected for each horse. Two camera views were combined with vertical and craniocaudal ground reaction forces to calculate net moments of force in the sagittal plane across the carpal, metacarpophalangeal (fetlock), and distal interphalangeal (coffin) joints during the stance phase of the forelimb. Mechanical power was calculated as the product of net joint moment and the joint's angular velocity.
During the early part of the stance phase, the carpal joint had oscillating periods of energy generation and absorption against a predominant flexor moment, then an absorption phase at the end of the stance phase, as the carpus flexed into swing against an extensor moment. The fetlock absorbed energy in the early part of the stance phase, then the terminal part was marked by a large generation of energy across the joint. A flexor moment was measured at the coffin joint throughout the stance phase, and this coincided with a long phase of energy absorption followed by a short phase of generation for push-off.
Consistency of the power data indicates that typical profiles of work exist for each of the joints (carpus, fetlock, and coffin).
Detection of changes to these profiles of work may contribute to diagnosis of specific lameness conditions.
计算行走马匹前肢的标准关节力矩和功率，作为与特定跛行马匹的这些力学变量进行比较的基准。
4匹近期无跛行病史的荷兰温血马。
人工牵马走过测试区域，每匹马收集5次行走试验的数据。将两个摄像头视图与垂直和头尾向地面反作用力相结合，以计算前肢站立阶段腕关节、掌指关节（球节）和远侧指间关节（蹄关节）矢状面内的净力矩。机械功率计算为净关节力矩与关节角速度的乘积。
在站立阶段早期，腕关节在主要的屈肌力矩作用下有能量产生和吸收的振荡期，然后在站立阶段末期，当腕关节在伸肌力矩作用下屈曲进入摆动时，有一个吸收阶段。球节在站立阶段早期吸收能量，然后在关节的末端部分有大量能量产生。在整个站立阶段，蹄关节测量到屈肌力矩，这与长的能量吸收阶段和随后短的蹬地能量产生阶段相吻合。
功率数据的一致性表明每个关节（腕关节、球节和蹄关节）都存在典型的做功模式。
检测这些做功模式的变化可能有助于特定跛行状况的诊断。
