Castillo C, Viñas F C, Gutikhonda M, Diaz F G
Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Neurol Res. 1998 Apr;20(3):201-8. doi: 10.1080/01616412.1998.11740507.
The craniocervical regions of seven cadavers (14 sides) injected with silicone rubber were dissected under a Zeiss OPMI surgical microscope. The present study provides a detailed description of the suboccipital segment of the vertebral artery, with particular attention to its loops, branches, supporting osteofibrous structures, adjacent nerves, and surrounding venous structures. Several ligaments fixating the vertebral artery to surrounding structures, which have not been described in previous anatomical studies, were found. The authors propose an anatomically based subdivision of the suboccipital segment of the vertebral artery into five subsegments: infraforaminal, foraminal, supraforaminal, horizontal, and intramembranous. Measurements of surgically and clinically important features were obtained. Surgical approaches to this region are suggested based on a more informed understanding of the local anatomy.
对七具注射了硅橡胶的尸体（14侧）的颅颈区域在蔡司OPMI手术显微镜下进行解剖。本研究详细描述了椎动脉枕下段，特别关注其袢、分支、支持性骨纤维结构、相邻神经和周围静脉结构。发现了几条将椎动脉固定于周围结构的韧带，这在以往的解剖学研究中尚未被描述。作者提出基于解剖学将椎动脉枕下段细分为五个亚段：椎间孔下、椎间孔、椎间孔上、水平和膜内。获得了手术和临床重要特征的测量数据。基于对局部解剖的更深入了解，提出了该区域的手术入路。
