Nagano Y, Baba R, Kuraishi K, Yasuda T, Ikoma M, Nishibata K, Yokota M, Nagashima M
Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
Pediatr Res. 1998 May;43(5):704-7. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199805000-00021.
We investigated the relation between age and respiratory control during exercise in 80 children aged 6.4-17.6 y (42 male, age, 11.6 +/- 3.3 y; body weight, 41.3 +/- 14.7 kg; and 38 female, age, 12.6 +/- 2.7 y; body weight, 42.5 +/- 9.3 kg). Exercise tests were performed on a treadmill after a standard symptom-limited Bruce protocol. Data were analyzed separately for boys and girls. At rest and at peak exercise, the ratio of minute ventilation to carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2), the ratio of effective alveolar ventilation to carbon dioxide production (VA/VCO2), the ratio of pulmonary dead space to tidal volume (Vd/Vt), and arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) were not correlated with age. At the exercise intensity of ventilatory anaerobic threshold, the PaCO2 increased, and the VA/VCO2 decreased, significantly with age, whereas the Vd/Vt was not related to age. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the slope of the relationship between VE and VCO2 (deltaVE/deltaVCO2) and the slope of the relationship between VA and VCO2 (deltaVA/deltaVCO2) decreased with age. There were no gender differences in the regression slopes and the intercepts of the relationships. Results show that younger children breathe more during exercise to eliminate a given amount of CO2 to keep PaCO2 set point slightly but significantly lower than older children. This age dependence must be considered in investigating ventilatory control during exercise in children.
我们对80名年龄在6.4至17.6岁的儿童（42名男性，年龄11.6±3.3岁，体重41.3±14.7千克；38名女性，年龄12.6±2.7岁，体重42.5±9.3千克）进行了运动期间年龄与呼吸控制关系的研究。按照标准的症状限制布鲁斯方案在跑步机上进行运动测试。分别对男孩和女孩的数据进行分析。在静息状态和运动峰值时，分钟通气量与二氧化碳产生量的比值（VE/VCO2）、有效肺泡通气量与二氧化碳产生量的比值（VA/VCO2）、肺死腔与潮气量的比值（Vd/Vt）以及动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）与年龄均无相关性。在通气无氧阈的运动强度下，PaCO2随年龄显著升高，而VA/VCO2随年龄显著降低，而Vd/Vt与年龄无关。线性回归分析表明，VE与VCO2关系的斜率（deltaVE/deltaVCO2）以及VA与VCO2关系的斜率（deltaVA/deltaVCO2）随年龄降低。回归斜率和关系的截距不存在性别差异。结果表明，年幼儿童在运动期间呼吸更多以消除一定量的二氧化碳，从而使PaCO2设定点略低于但显著低于年长儿童。在研究儿童运动期间的通气控制时必须考虑这种年龄依赖性。
