Haffner M
Zoologisches Museum der Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse.
Ann Anat. 1998 Apr;180(2):165-71. doi: 10.1016/s0940-9602(98)80018-6.
Many large sebaceous glands have been described, and functions such as scent production suggested, but gland size has seldom been studied in relation to the surface area of their hair follicles. However, investigating this relationship is essential for establishing whether glands produce more sebum than would be required for lubricating associated hair alone. Here, the relationship between sebaceous gland size and the surface area of the associated hair follicles has been studied. Glands on the heads of 20 species from three orders were compared with those associated with fur hairs. In all species, the fur hairs had small hair follicles with small sebaceous glands, as had the mystacial and submandibular hairs of Rodentia. Medium-sized glands and hairs were found in the mystacial and submandibular region in Insectivora, and in the circumoral region in Chiroptera and Rodentia. Large glands and hairs were found on a pad in the corner of the mouth in Rodentia. Although the size of glands was not directly proportional to hair size, some gross trends were noted. Vibrissae had either no or very small sebaceous glands. It is likely that sebum has to be provided from elsewhere to lubricate their surfaces. The glands on the snout of Insectivora and Chiroptera are clearly enlarged and could probably produce more sebum than would be required for grooming vibrissae alone. In Rodentia, vibrissae were surrounded by small hair and glands, and the nearest glands large enough to provide sebum were the glands on the pad in the mouth corner.
已经描述了许多大型皮脂腺，并提出了诸如气味产生等功能，但很少研究腺体大小与其毛囊表面积的关系。然而，研究这种关系对于确定腺体产生的皮脂是否超过仅润滑相关毛发所需的量至关重要。在此，研究了皮脂腺大小与相关毛囊表面积之间的关系。比较了三个目20种动物头部的腺体与那些与被毛相关的腺体。在所有物种中，被毛的毛囊小，皮脂腺也小，啮齿动物的触须和下颌下毛发也是如此。食虫目动物的触须和下颌下区域以及翼手目和啮齿动物的口周区域有中等大小的腺体和毛发。在啮齿动物嘴角的一个肉垫上发现了大腺体和毛发。虽然腺体大小与毛发大小不成正比，但注意到了一些总体趋势。触须要么没有皮脂腺，要么皮脂腺非常小。很可能必须从其他地方提供皮脂来润滑它们的表面。食虫目和翼手目动物口鼻部的腺体明显增大，可能产生的皮脂超过仅用于梳理触须所需的量。在啮齿动物中，触须被小毛发和腺体包围，而离触须最近且大到足以提供皮脂的腺体是嘴角肉垫上的腺体。
