1988年和1995年芬兰的牛乳腺炎——患病率及抗菌药物耐药性的变化
Bovine mastitis in Finland in 1988 and 1995--changes in prevalence and antimicrobial resistance.
作者信息
Myllys V, Asplund K, Brofeldt E, Hirvelä-Koski V, Honkanen-Buzalski T, Junttila J, Kulkas L, Myllykangas O, Niskanen M, Saloniemi H, Sandholm M, Saranpää T
机构信息
National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, University of Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
Acta Vet Scand. 1998;39(1):119-26. doi: 10.1186/BF03547813.
Two surveys were carried out (during 1988 and 1995) to estimate the prevalence of bovine mastitis in Finland. In 1988, 17,111 quarter milk samples were obtained from 4495 cows, and in 1995 the corresponding figures were 10,410 and 2648. Antimicrobial susceptibility of mastitis pathogens was studied. Prevalence of mastitis on cow basis decreased from 47.8% in 1988 to 37.8% in 1995. Staphylococci was the largest group of pathogens isolated. The proportion of Staphylococcus aureus decreased and that of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) increased. The proportion of strains resistant to at least one antibacterial drug increased with regard to S. aureus from 36.9% in 1988, to 63.6% in 1995 and with CNS from 26.6% to 49.7%. Most of the increase in antibacterial resistance was due to a higher number of beta-lactamase producing strains. Multiresistance also increased, but it was proportional to the overall increase in resistance. All the predominant mastitis streptococci were susceptible to beta-lactams tested.
开展了两项调查（分别在1988年和1995年）以估算芬兰奶牛乳房炎的患病率。1988年，从4495头奶牛中采集了17111份乳区奶样，1995年对应的数字分别为10410份和2648头。对乳房炎病原体的抗菌药敏性进行了研究。以奶牛为基础的乳房炎患病率从1988年的47.8%降至1995年的37.8%。葡萄球菌是分离出的最大病原体组。金黄色葡萄球菌的比例下降，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）的比例上升。对至少一种抗菌药物耐药的菌株比例，金黄色葡萄球菌从1988年的36.9%增至1995年的63.6%，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌从26.6%增至49.7%。抗菌耐药性的增加主要是由于产β-内酰胺酶菌株数量增多。多重耐药性也有所增加，但与总体耐药性增加成比例。所有主要的乳房炎链球菌对所测试的β-内酰胺类药物均敏感。
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