Russell D M
Department of Orthodontics, Howard University, College of Dentistry, USA.
NDA J. 1994 Jun-Jul;45(2):15-9.
Extractions in support of orthodontic therapy may be done in any combination of teeth. The more common extraction patterns are: 1. Maxillary and mandibular first premolars; 2. Maxillary first and mandibular second premolars; 3. Maxillary and mandibular second premolars; 4. Maxillary first premolar; 5. Maxillary second permanent molar; 6. Maxillary first permanent molars; 7. Maxillary permanent lateral incisors; 8. Mandibular permanent incisors; or 9. Any possible combination and variation for other considerations. Extractions have been proven to support changes in the profile, helping in the alignment of teeth and in reducing lower facial height. The decision as to whether or not to extract requires a great deal of thoughtful application of diagnostic skills.
为支持正畸治疗而进行的拔牙可以在任何牙齿组合中进行。较常见的拔牙模式有：1. 上颌和下颌第一前磨牙；2. 上颌第一和下颌第二前磨牙；3. 上颌和下颌第二前磨牙；4. 上颌第一前磨牙；5. 上颌第二恒磨牙；6. 上颌第一恒磨牙；7. 上颌恒侧切牙；8. 下颌恒切牙；或9. 出于其他考虑的任何可能组合和变化。已证实拔牙有助于改善面部轮廓，帮助牙齿排齐并降低面部下部高度。是否拔牙的决定需要大量运用诊断技能进行深入思考。
