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妄图欺骗自然:1993 - 1997年媒体关于反疫苗接种的报道

An attempt to swindle nature: press anti-immunisation reportage 1993-1997.

作者信息

Leask J A, Chapman S

机构信息

Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW.

出版信息

Aust N Z J Public Health. 1998 Feb;22(1):17-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.1998.tb01140.x.

Abstract

There is some evidence that low childhood immunisation rates in Australia may be attributed partly to parental antipathy toward immunisation. The anti-immunisation movement is becoming more organised in its efforts to lobby against childhood immunisation, while the lessening of the public's exposure to the effects of vaccine-preventable disease has provided a climate ripe for such a lobby to have a disproportionate influence on parents. Forty months of Australian print media coverage of immunisation were reviewed for anti-immunisation arguments and their underlying ideological subtexts. Of 2440 articles about childhood immunisation, 115 (4.7 per cent) contained statements opposing immunisation. Eight subtexts that referenced wider discourses about medicine, the state and the body dominated anti-immunisation discourse (cover-up; excavation of the facts; unholy alliance for profit; towards totalitarianism; us and them; vaccines as poisonous chemical cocktails; vaccines as cause of idiopathic ills; and back to nature). Attempts to redress claims made against immunisation must not only address specific claims about vaccine efficacy and safety but be grounded in a reframing of the ideological appeals that currently frame the contents of anti-immunisation discourse.

摘要

有证据表明,澳大利亚儿童免疫接种率较低可能部分归因于父母对免疫接种的反感。反免疫接种运动在游说反对儿童免疫接种方面正变得更加有组织,而公众接触疫苗可预防疾病影响的减少为这样一个游说团体对父母产生不成比例的影响提供了成熟的环境。对澳大利亚平面媒体40个月来关于免疫接种的报道进行了审查,以寻找反免疫接种的论点及其潜在的意识形态潜台词。在2440篇关于儿童免疫接种的文章中,115篇(4.7%)包含反对免疫接种的陈述。八个涉及关于医学、国家和身体更广泛论述的潜台词主导了反免疫接种话语(掩盖;挖掘事实;为了利益的邪恶联盟;走向极权主义;我们和他们;疫苗是有毒化学混合物;疫苗是特发性疾病的原因;回归自然)。纠正针对免疫接种提出的主张的努力不仅必须解决关于疫苗效力和安全性的具体主张,而且必须基于对目前构成反免疫接种话语内容的意识形态诉求的重新构建。

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