Botton ML, Johnson K, Helleby L
Department of Natural Science, Fordham University, College at Lincoln Center, 113 West 60th Street, New York, New York 10023, USA.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1998 Jul;35(1):25-32. doi: 10.1007/s002449900344.
We investigated the short-term and long-term effects of copper and zinc on horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) embryos and first instar larvae from two estuaries in New Jersey, Delaware Bay and Sandy Hook Bay. Animals were exposed to nominal metal concentrations from 0.01 to 1,000 mg/L for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, or continuously until the endpoint for the study (successful molting or death) was reached. Larvae showed greater tolerance of Cu and Zn than embryos. Under most treatment regimes, embryos and larvae were able to survive and molt in the presence of up to 100 mg/L Cu or Zn. Unexpectedly, horseshoe crabs from the more heavily polluted site (Sandy Hook Bay) were more susceptible to heavy metals than animals from a less polluted site (lower Delaware Bay). Horseshoe crab embryos and larvae were highly resistant to heavy metals in comparison to marine crustacea. The ability of Limulus embryos and larvae to survive in the presence of heavy metals implies the potential for these contaminants to be passed on to shorebirds and other predators.
我们研究了铜和锌对来自新泽西州两个河口（特拉华湾和桑迪胡克湾）的鲎（美洲鲎）胚胎和第一龄幼虫的短期和长期影响。将动物暴露于名义金属浓度为0.01至1000 mg/L的环境中24小时、48小时、72小时，或持续暴露直至达到研究终点（成功蜕皮或死亡）。幼虫对铜和锌的耐受性比胚胎更强。在大多数处理方案下，胚胎和幼虫在高达100 mg/L的铜或锌存在的情况下能够存活并蜕皮。出乎意料的是，来自污染更严重地点（桑迪胡克湾）的鲎比来自污染较轻地点（特拉华湾下游）的动物对重金属更敏感。与海洋甲壳类动物相比，鲎的胚胎和幼虫对重金属具有高度抗性。鲎胚胎和幼虫在重金属存在下存活的能力意味着这些污染物有可能传递给滨鸟和其他捕食者。
