Tilanus M A, Pinckers A J, Aandekerk A L
Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1998 May;236(5):326-32. doi: 10.1007/s004170050086.
Surgery for macular gliosis and macular holes has become increasingly successful with regard to anatomical outcome. Assessment of the damage to the receptors by these processes is still difficult, but is important in predicting functional outcome.
Examination with the Nagel II or the Neitz OT anomaloscope was performed in 36 patients with macular gliosis, 23 patients with full-thickness macular holes and 47 patients with central serous choroidopathy. The anomaloscope matches were expressed as the quotient of anomaly.
In macular gliosis the mid-matching point is usually 1.0; there is no pseudoprotanomaly. In macular holes the mid-matching point is 1.0 when visual acuity is 0.3 or greater; in eyes with lower visual acuity there may be signs of diminished red sensitivity, but anomaloscope examination becomes difficult. In central serous choroidopathy the mid-matching point is shifted towards red, and pseudoprotanomaly is present, even when visual acuity is normal.
Diseases of the inner retina, in early stages, do not alter colour vision substantially, whereas diseases of the outer retina give rise to early colour vision deficiency. In macular gliosis and macular holes, anomaloscope examination enables estimation of macular receptor misalignment.
黄斑胶质增生症和黄斑裂孔手术在解剖学结果方面已越来越成功。评估这些过程对感受器的损伤仍然困难，但对于预测功能结果很重要。
对36例黄斑胶质增生症患者、23例全层黄斑裂孔患者和47例中心性浆液性脉络膜病变患者进行了Nagel II或Neitz OT色觉异常计检查。色觉异常计匹配结果以异常商数表示。
在黄斑胶质增生症中，中间匹配点通常为1.0；不存在假性红色盲。在黄斑裂孔中，当视力为0.3或更高时，中间匹配点为1.0；在视力较低的眼中，可能有红色敏感度降低的迹象，但色觉异常计检查变得困难。在中心性浆液性脉络膜病变中，即使视力正常，中间匹配点也向红色偏移，并且存在假性红色盲。
视网膜内层疾病在早期不会显著改变色觉，而视网膜外层疾病会导致早期色觉缺陷。在黄斑胶质增生症和黄斑裂孔中，色觉异常计检查能够估计黄斑感受器的排列不齐情况。
