Schwender D, Kunze-Kronawitter H, Dietrich P, Klasing S, Forst H, Madler C
Institute for Anaesthesiology, University of Munich, FRG.
Br J Anaesth. 1998 Feb;80(2):133-9. doi: 10.1093/bja/80.2.133.
We interviewed 45 patients, who answered advertisements (n = 21) or were referred by colleagues (n = 24), about their experience of intraoperative awareness using a standardized questionnaire. Auditory perceptions, hearing sounds or voices were mentioned by all patients (45 of 45): 33 of 45 patients understood and recalled conversations; 21 of 45 patients had visual perceptions; 12 of 21 recognized things or faces; 29 of 45 patients felt being touched; three patients had the sensation of moderate pain; and eight patients were in severe pain. Patients' feelings were mostly related to paralysis (27 of 45), helplessness (28 of 45), anxiety and fear (22 of 45); 18 were in severe panic. All patients (45 of 45) recognized the situation as a real event: 22 of 45 patients experienced unpleasant after effects; 11 suffered from anxiety and nightmares; and three developed post-traumatic stress disorder syndrome and required medical treatment. Twenty of 45 patients were especially attentive to emotionally relevant remarks on their own person, their disease and the course of their operation. The accuracy of sensory perception indicates a very high level of cognitive performance of patients during intraoperative awareness.
我们使用标准化问卷，对45名通过回应广告招募（n = 21）或由同事推荐（n = 24）的患者进行了术中知晓经历的访谈。所有患者（45/45）均提到了听觉感知，即听到声音或说话声：45名患者中有33名理解并回忆起了对话；45名患者中有21名有视觉感知；21名中有12名认出了事物或面孔；45名患者中有29名感觉被触摸；3名患者有中度疼痛的感觉；8名患者有剧痛。患者的感受大多与麻痹（45名中的27名）、无助（45名中的28名）、焦虑和恐惧（45名中的22名）有关；18名处于严重恐慌之中。所有患者（45/45）都将这种情况视为真实事件：45名患者中有22名经历了不愉快的后遗症；11名患有焦虑和噩梦；3名患上创伤后应激障碍综合征并需要治疗。45名患者中有20名对关于自身、疾病及手术过程的情感相关言论格外留意。感觉感知的准确性表明患者在术中知晓期间具有非常高的认知表现水平。
