Oliech J S, Kayima J K, Otieno L S
Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
East Afr Med J. 1998 Jan;75(1):30-4.
At the Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) and other private hospitals in Nairobi urinary stone disease is not being correctly diagnosed. Over a 15 year period (1980-1995) only 56 patients have been confirmed to have urinary tract stones out of the expected number of 220 patients. The age range was 10-60 years. The peak age was 30-40 years. Pain and haematuria were the commonest presenting symptoms. Ultrasonography and plane abdominal radiology were the commonest methods of diagnosis. Open surgery and endoscopic stone removal were the commonest modes of management. Extracorporeal shortwave lithotripsy (ESWL) has recently been introduced into the Nairobi Hospital, but was not functional at the time of this study. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is possible but has not been adequately used due to lack of correct equipment. Septicaemia and haemorrhage were the commonest complications of the open surgery.
在内罗毕的肯雅塔国家医院（KNH）及其他私立医院，尿路结石病未得到正确诊断。在15年期间（1980 - 1995年），在预计的220名患者中，仅有56名患者被确诊患有尿路结石。年龄范围为10至60岁。高峰年龄为30至40岁。疼痛和血尿是最常见的就诊症状。超声检查和平片腹部放射学检查是最常见的诊断方法。开放手术和内镜下取石是最常见的治疗方式。体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）最近已被引入内罗毕医院，但在本研究开展时该设备无法正常使用。经皮肾镜取石术（PCNL）可行，但由于缺乏合适的设备而未得到充分应用。败血症和出血是开放手术最常见的并发症。
