Tzekova V I, Velikova M T, Koynov K D
Clinic of Chemotherapy, University Hospital Queen Joanna, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Neoplasma. 1998;45(1):46-9.
The aim of the present study was to assess the antiemetic efficacy of granisetron in repeated cycles of chemotherapy with platinum derivatives. The study included 50 patients (28 females, 22 males; aged 17-72, mean age 51 years). From 2 to 5 cycles of chemotherapy with cisplatin or carboplatin were performed. Granisetron was administered intravenously at a dose of 3 mg, 5 minutes before commencement of cytostatic chemotherapy. In case of 2 episodes of vomiting and severe nausea 2 additional doses of granisetron were given. Total control of emesis was achieved in 60% of patients after the first cycle of chemotherapy, and this percentage did not change significantly over the 5 cycles of chemotherapy. There were no differences in the antiemetic efficacy of granisetron in relation to patient sex up to cycle III, while in cycles IV and V a tendency towards less efficacy in females was observed. The adverse effects (headache, dizziness) were observed with the same frequency in the first 3 cycles of chemotherapy, while these were absent in cycles IV and V. Severe side effects were recorded only in cycle I, after that they were less expressed. In conclusion, granisetron is highly effective in prevention of emesis, induced by platinum derivatives and its efficacy is maintained over repeated cycles of chemotherapy. The toxicity of granisetron is mostly expressed in the first cycle, while after that it decreases significantly.
本研究的目的是评估格拉司琼在铂类衍生物重复化疗周期中的止吐疗效。该研究纳入了50名患者（28名女性，22名男性；年龄17 - 72岁，平均年龄51岁）。进行了2至5个周期的顺铂或卡铂化疗。在细胞毒性化疗开始前5分钟，静脉注射3毫克格拉司琼。如果出现2次呕吐和严重恶心，则额外给予2剂格拉司琼。在第一个化疗周期后，60%的患者实现了呕吐的完全控制，并且在5个化疗周期中这一百分比没有显著变化。在第三个周期之前，格拉司琼的止吐疗效在患者性别方面没有差异，而在第四和第五个周期中，观察到女性的疗效有降低的趋势。在化疗的前3个周期中，不良反应（头痛、头晕）的出现频率相同，而在第四和第五个周期中则没有。严重副作用仅在第一个周期有记录，之后表现减轻。总之，格拉司琼在预防铂类衍生物引起的呕吐方面非常有效，并且其疗效在重复化疗周期中得以维持。格拉司琼的毒性主要在第一个周期表现出来，之后显著降低。
