Wiemann C M, DuBois J C, Berenson A B
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0587, USA.
Pediatrics. 1998 Jun;101(6):E11. doi: 10.1542/peds.101.6.e11.
To identify racial/ethnic differences in prevalence and the factors that influence decisions to breastfeed among adolescent mothers.
A total of 696 Mexican-American, African-American, and Caucasian adolescent mothers </=18 years of age were interviewed on the postpartum ward of university hospital within 48 hours of delivery. Self-reported factors associated with the decision to breastfeed were assessed.
The decision to breastfeed was reported by 55% of Mexican-American, 45% of Caucasian, and 15% of African-American adolescent mothers. With the exception of perceived benefits of breastfeeding and exposure to educational materials, most factors associated with breastfeeding differed by race/ethnicity. Among Mexican-Americans, important factors included having relied on feeding advice (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 7.6); the feeding preference of a partner (AOR = 7.0) or mother (AOR = 6. 6); and feeding decisions made in early pregnancy (AOR = 4.7). Among African-Americans, important factors included living with a partner (AOR = 10.6); having a mother who breastfed (AOR = 5.9); the feeding preference of a partner (AOR = 5.6) or health care provider (AOR = 4. 7); and low family support (AOR = 3.4). Among Caucasians, health care providers' feeding preference (AOR = 6.1); having two or more breastfeeding role models (AOR = 4.1); not being enrolled in Women, Infants, and Children's Supplemental Nutrition Program (AOR = 3.0); having relied on infant-feeding advice (AOR = 3.0); and prenatal alcohol use (AOR = 2.6) were associated with the decision to breastfeed.
Prevalence and influences to breastfeed differ by patient race/ethnicity. We speculate that targeting the adolescent mother and members of her support system, educating them before and during pregnancy, and stressing benefits of this method while eliminating misinformation, especially among African-Americans, may be important intervention strategies to promote breastfeeding.
确定青少年母亲在母乳喂养患病率方面的种族/族裔差异以及影响母乳喂养决策的因素。
在大学医院产后病房对696名年龄小于或等于18岁的墨西哥裔美国、非裔美国和白人青少年母亲在分娩后48小时内进行访谈。评估与母乳喂养决策相关的自我报告因素。
55%的墨西哥裔美国青少年母亲、45%的白人青少年母亲和15%的非裔美国青少年母亲报告决定进行母乳喂养。除了母乳喂养的感知益处和接触教育材料外，大多数与母乳喂养相关的因素因种族/族裔而异。在墨西哥裔美国人中，重要因素包括依赖喂养建议（调整优势比[AOR]=7.6）；伴侣（AOR=7.0）或母亲（AOR=6.6）的喂养偏好；以及怀孕早期做出的喂养决定（AOR=4.7）。在非裔美国人中，重要因素包括与伴侣同住（AOR=10.6）；母亲进行过母乳喂养（AOR=5.9）；伴侣（AOR=5.6）或医疗保健提供者（AOR=4.7）的喂养偏好；以及家庭支持度低（AOR=3.4）。在白人中，医疗保健提供者的喂养偏好（AOR=6.1）；有两个或更多母乳喂养榜样（AOR=4.1）；未参加妇女、婴儿和儿童补充营养计划（AOR=3.0）；依赖婴儿喂养建议（AOR=3.0）；以及产前饮酒（AOR=2.6）与母乳喂养决策相关。
母乳喂养的患病率和影响因素因患者种族/族裔而异。我们推测，针对青少年母亲及其支持系统成员，在怀孕前和怀孕期间对她们进行教育，并强调这种方法的益处同时消除错误信息，尤其是在非裔美国人中，可能是促进母乳喂养的重要干预策略。
