Servan-Schreiber D, Carter C S, Bruno R M, Cohen J D
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 1998 May 15;43(10):723-9. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00449-6.
A neural network computer model described in a companion paper predicted the effects of increased dopamine transmission on selective attention under two different hypotheses.
To evaluate these predictions we conducted an empirical study in human subjects of D-amphetamine effects on performance of the Eriksen response competition task. Ten healthy volunteers were tested before and after placebo or D-amphetamine in a double-blind cross-over design.
D-amphetamine induced a speeding of reaction time overall and an improvement of accuracy at fast reaction times but only in the task condition requiring selective attention.
This pattern of results conforms to the prediction of the model under the hypothesis that D-amphetamine primarily affects dopamine transmission in cognitive rather than motor networks. This suggests that the principles embodied in parallel distributed processing models of task performance may be sufficient to predict and explain specific behavioral effects of some drug actions in the central nervous system.
一篇相关论文中描述的神经网络计算机模型在两种不同假设下预测了多巴胺传递增加对选择性注意力的影响。
为了评估这些预测，我们对人类受试者进行了一项关于右旋苯丙胺对埃里克森反应竞争任务表现影响的实证研究。十名健康志愿者在双盲交叉设计中接受了安慰剂或右旋苯丙胺给药前后的测试。
右旋苯丙胺总体上加快了反应时间，并提高了快速反应时间下的准确性，但仅在需要选择性注意力的任务条件下如此。
这种结果模式符合该模型在右旋苯丙胺主要影响认知而非运动网络中多巴胺传递这一假设下的预测。这表明任务表现的并行分布式处理模型中所体现的原理可能足以预测和解释中枢神经系统中某些药物作用的特定行为效应。
