Reich J
J Affect Disord. 1998 May;49(2):151-6. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00009-3.
Suicide attempts have been associated to both Major Depression and Borderline Personality Disorder. This report hypothesized that there would be significant clinical differences between psychiatric outpatients with Major Depression, Major Depression with a history of a suicide attempt (but low Borderline traits) and Major Depression high levels of Borderline personality traits.
Male psychiatric outpatients who had Major Depression were divided into three groups: No suicide attempts and low Borderline traits (Depression), suicide and low Borderline traits (Suicide) and high Borderline traits (Borderline traits.) A screened control group was also used (Controls). Standardized measures of Axis I and Axis II variables were gathered by trained interviewers.
"Suicide" had significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression than all other groups. "Borderline traits" had higher levels of pathological personality traits and familial Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) than all other groups.
The Suicide group appears to identify a group that is more symptomatically severe in Axis I symptoms than other Major Depression groups. Different Major Depression groups may require different treatments. The association between Borderline and GAD warrants further research.
This study used male veterans in middle age. The usual cautions about generalizing findings to other demographic groups apply.
自杀未遂与重度抑郁症和边缘型人格障碍均有关联。本报告假设，患有重度抑郁症的精神科门诊患者、有自杀未遂史（但边缘型人格特质较低）的重度抑郁症患者以及边缘型人格特质水平较高的重度抑郁症患者之间会存在显著的临床差异。
将患有重度抑郁症的男性精神科门诊患者分为三组：无自杀未遂且边缘型人格特质较低（抑郁症组）、有自杀行为且边缘型人格特质较低（自杀组）以及边缘型人格特质较高（边缘型人格特质组）。还设立了一个经过筛选的对照组（对照组）。由经过培训的访谈者收集轴I和轴II变量的标准化测量数据。
“自杀组”的焦虑和抑郁水平显著高于所有其他组。“边缘型人格特质组”的病理性人格特质和家族性广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）水平高于所有其他组。
自杀组似乎是一组在轴I症状方面比其他重度抑郁症组症状更严重的人群。不同的重度抑郁症组可能需要不同的治疗方法。边缘型人格障碍与广泛性焦虑障碍之间的关联值得进一步研究。
本研究使用的是中年男性退伍军人。对将研究结果推广到其他人群时通常需要谨慎对待。
