Conn V S
Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri-Columbia, 65211, USA.
Nurs Res. 1998 May-Jun;47(3):180-9. doi: 10.1097/00006199-199805000-00009.
Despite the potential benefits of exercise, rates of exercise among older adults remain low. Self-efficacy expectation is the strongest correlate of exercise behavior or exercise behavior change.
To develop and test the predictive ability of a model of exercise among older adults.
The model's constructs related to exercise and self-efficacy included outcome expectancy, perceived barriers to exercise, perceived health, age, and lifelong leisure exercise among adults 65 to 100 years years of age (N=147). Data were collected by personal interview and analyzed with path analysis.
Self-efficacy expectation had a strong direct effect on exercise. Outcome expectancy contributed little to exercise in the model. Perceived barriers and self-efficacy expectation, followed by age, exerted the most total influence on exercise scores.
Lifelong leisure exercise exerts its influence on exercise through self-efficacy beliefs, further emphasizing the importance of efficacy. Also important are perceived barriers to exercise. Further research should examine self-efficacy expectations, perceived barriers, and age as predictors of exercise among older adults at different stages of health behavior change.
尽管运动有潜在益处，但老年人的运动率仍然很低。自我效能期望是运动行为或运动行为改变的最强相关因素。
开发并测试一个老年人运动模型的预测能力。
该模型中与运动和自我效能相关的构念包括结果期望、感知到的运动障碍、感知到的健康状况、年龄以及65至100岁成年人的终身休闲运动情况（N = 147）。通过个人访谈收集数据，并采用路径分析进行分析。
自我效能期望对运动有很强的直接影响。在该模型中，结果期望对运动的贡献很小。感知到的障碍和自我效能期望，其次是年龄，对运动得分的总体影响最大。
终身休闲运动通过自我效能信念对运动产生影响，进一步强调了效能的重要性。运动的感知障碍也很重要。进一步的研究应将自我效能期望、感知到的障碍和年龄作为不同健康行为改变阶段老年人运动的预测因素进行考察。
