Sato S, Tsukamoto T, Ikeda H, Sayama T, Takahashi M, Sugawara T, Itou E, Okumura H, Kimura H
Department of Nursing, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Japan.
Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi. 1998 Jan;36(1):46-52.
We studied relationships between maximal walking distance (WDmax) and frequency of both outing enumerated by the aim of each outing as well as by each outing per se in patients receiving home oxygen therapy (n = 109). The results were compared with those from members of a seniors' club (n = 434). A questionnaire was used to obtain WDmax, defined as the distance a subject could walk without rest on level ground. In the questionnaire, WDmax was classified into five groups including 50 m (the distance between two electric posts), 500 m, 1 km, 1.5 km and more than 1.5 km. Since few patients could walk 1.5 km or more, they were included into the "can walk 1 km or more group". Outing frequency was measured using a 4-week diary which showed eight aims of outings including shopping, seeing a doctor, visiting friends or relatives, doing a hobby practicing something, participating in a seniors' club and neighborhood meetings or events, traveling, work and others. The subjects checked the diary each time they went out. True outing frequency was defined as the number of outings. If a subject left home to shop and visited a friend on the way home, the outing frequency enumerated by aims was two, while the true outing frequency was one. The mean and SE (1/4 weeks/one subject) of true outing frequency for patients (21.4 +/- 2.2) was significantly less than that of seniors' club members (45.6 +/- 1.4). Even in patients with a WDmax of 1 km or more, the frequency of travel was significantly lower than in seniors' club members. Although outing frequencies for shopping, seeing friends or relatives, doing a hobby and work were not significantly different between the two groups at a WDmax of 1 km or more, the outing frequency for work of patients was significantly lower at a WDmax of 500 m, and outing frequencies for the remaining three aims became significantly lower at a WDmax of 50 m. We demonstrated that in patients receiving home oxygen therapy, outing frequency was limited. A new modality is necessary to increase the outing frequency and to improve the quality of life for these patients.
我们研究了接受家庭氧疗的患者（n = 109）的最大步行距离（WDmax）与按每次出行目的以及每次出行本身列举的出行频率之间的关系。将结果与一个老年俱乐部成员（n = 434）的结果进行比较。使用问卷调查来获取WDmax，WDmax定义为受试者在平地上不休息能行走的距离。在问卷中，WDmax分为五组，包括50米（两根电线杆之间的距离）、500米、1公里、1.5公里和超过1.5公里。由于很少有患者能行走1.5公里或更远，他们被纳入“能行走1公里或更远组”。出行频率通过为期4周的日记来测量，日记显示了八种出行目的，包括购物、看医生、拜访朋友或亲戚、从事爱好活动、参加老年俱乐部和邻里会议或活动、旅行、工作及其他。受试者每次外出时检查日记。实际出行频率定义为出行次数。如果一名受试者离家去购物并在回家途中拜访了一位朋友，按目的列举的出行频率为两次，而实际出行频率为一次。患者实际出行频率的平均值和标准误（1/4周/一名受试者）（21.4 +/- 2.2）显著低于老年俱乐部成员（45.6 +/- 1.4）。即使在WDmax为1公里或更远的患者中，旅行频率也显著低于老年俱乐部成员。虽然在WDmax为1公里或更远时，两组之间购物、拜访朋友或亲戚、从事爱好活动和工作的出行频率没有显著差异，但在WDmax为500米时，患者工作的出行频率显著较低，在WDmax为50米时，其余三种目的的出行频率显著降低。我们证明，在接受家庭氧疗的患者中，出行频率受到限制。需要一种新的方式来提高这些患者的出行频率并改善其生活质量。
