World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 1998;873:i-vi, 1-50.
The scale of drug dependence has grown dramatically in the past quarter-century. Preventing dependence and reducing the harm associated with the use of psychoactive substances is a challenge for health services and governments the world over. This report of a WHO Expert Committee categorizes the different types of harm that can result from psychoactive substances, whether illicit or legally available, and describes the steps that can be taken to treat health problems and stop them from occurring. The report looks at the cost and effectiveness of various treatment methods, drawing on evidence from research findings, and gives a detailed outline of the elements needed for an effective national treatment system. It addresses the question of whether dependent persons should be given a "controlled supply" of drugs and proposes for further review several substances that have potential for abuse. The Expert Committee's recommendations cover drug policies and treatment services, as well as training, information needs and research. The report lays the foundation for realistic but sound strategies in national and international efforts to reduce the health damage caused by the use of psychoactive substances.
在过去的四分之一世纪里，药物依赖的规模急剧增长。预防药物依赖并减少与使用精神活性物质相关的危害，是全球卫生服务机构和各国政府面临的一项挑战。世卫组织专家委员会的这份报告对精神活性物质（无论非法还是合法可得）可能导致的不同类型危害进行了分类，并描述了为治疗健康问题以及防止这些问题发生可采取的措施。该报告借鉴研究结果中的证据，审视了各种治疗方法的成本和效果，并详细概述了有效的国家治疗系统所需的要素。它探讨了是否应为药物依赖者提供药物“受控供应”的问题，并提议对几种有滥用潜力的物质进行进一步审查。专家委员会的建议涵盖药物政策和治疗服务，以及培训、信息需求和研究。该报告为国家和国际层面减少使用精神活性物质所造成的健康损害的切实可行且合理的战略奠定了基础。
