Funderburk S J, Guthrie D, Meldrum D
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1976 Sep 1;126(1):55-60. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(76)90465-8.
Data from 25,958 consecutive UCLA deliveries were analyzed to determine the effect of prior abortions and premature births on current pregnancy outcome. Perinatal death rate, combining stillbirths and neonatal deaths, increased more than threefold among women with at least one prior premature in birth and at least one prior abortion and approached 18 per cent of current deliveries when there were three or more prior premature births. Abnormal live births, defined as infants with either birth weight under 2,501 grams, gestational age less than 37 weeks, or congenital anomalies, significantly increased as the number of prior abortions and premature births increased, each in a range of 0 through 3 or more. For example, among women with at least three prior premature births, there were greater than 50 per cent abnormal live births. The risk was mostly that of low birth weight and low gestational age, although there was a slight increase in congenital anomalies. The risk was reduced considerably when there were previous term births and was influenced variably by race, clinic classification, maternal illness, and prior pregnancy complications. This empirical data on pregnancy outcome should be useful in reproductive counseling among women with pregnancy losses and premature births.
对来自加州大学洛杉矶分校连续25958例分娩的数据进行分析，以确定既往流产和早产对当前妊娠结局的影响。围产期死亡率（包括死产和新生儿死亡）在至少有一次既往早产和至少一次既往流产的女性中增加了三倍多，当有三次或更多次既往早产时，围产期死亡率接近当前分娩数的18%。异常活产定义为出生体重低于2501克、孕周小于37周或有先天性异常的婴儿，随着既往流产和早产次数的增加（范围为0至3次或更多次），异常活产显著增加。例如，在至少有三次既往早产的女性中，异常活产率超过50%。风险主要是低出生体重和低孕周，尽管先天性异常略有增加。当有既往足月分娩时，风险会大幅降低，并且受种族、诊所分类、母体疾病和既往妊娠并发症的影响各不相同。这些关于妊娠结局的经验数据应有助于为有妊娠丢失和早产史的女性提供生殖咨询。
