Zhang J, Cai W W, Chen H
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical University, P R China.
Int J Epidemiol. 1991 Dec;20(4):958-63. doi: 10.1093/ije/20.4.958.
The incidence of, and risk factors associated with, perinatal mortality in Shanghai during 1986-1987 are examined using data from a multi-site study conducted in 29 hospitals. The overall perinatal mortality rate was 14.96 per 1000 births. The mortality rates of antepartum fetal death, intrapartum fetal death and early neonatal death were 5.97, 2.06 and 6.94 per 1000 births, respectively. The perinatal mortality rates increased in winter and late spring. Male neonates were 1.5 times more likely to die than females. Low birthweight and preterm infants had 15 to 80 times higher risk of perinatal death. Higher parity, multiple pregnancy, and maternal age greater than or equal to 35 years were the risk factors for perinatal mortality. Asphyxia, cord complications, and congenital malformations were found to be the major causes of perinatal deaths. Comparison of mortality rates between Shanghai and the US suggests that the shortage of advanced technology in perinatal care (e.g. neonatal intensive care units) is a major obstacle to the reduction of perinatal mortality in Shanghai.
利用在29家医院开展的一项多中心研究的数据，对1986 - 1987年上海围产期死亡率及其相关风险因素进行了研究。围产期总死亡率为每1000例出生14.96例。死产、分娩期胎儿死亡和早期新生儿死亡的死亡率分别为每1000例出生5.97例、2.06例和6.94例。围产期死亡率在冬季和晚春有所上升。男性新生儿死亡的可能性是女性的1.5倍。低体重和早产婴儿围产期死亡风险高出15至80倍。高胎次、多胎妊娠以及母亲年龄大于或等于35岁是围产期死亡的风险因素。窒息、脐带并发症和先天性畸形被发现是围产期死亡的主要原因。上海与美国死亡率的比较表明，围产期护理（如新生儿重症监护病房）先进技术的短缺是上海降低围产期死亡率的主要障碍。
