Mire-Sluis A R, Thorpe R
Division of Immunobiology, The National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Hertfordshire, UK.
J Immunol Methods. 1998 Feb 1;211(1-2):199-210. doi: 10.1016/s0022-1759(97)00123-3.
Cytokines have been shown to be involved in many physiological processes, including the maintenance and control of a competent haematopoietic/immune system. Abnormal cytokine secretion or synthesis can cause a wide range of pathological disorders. Cytokines have also been shown to have therapeutic potential in many diseases. In order for the role of cytokines to be evaluated in normal and pathogenic processes, it is vital that appropriate assay systems are used to measure their levels in different biological fluids. Whilst immunoassays maybe a more convenient method for quantitating cytokines, they only measure immunologically reactive material. They may or may not detect biologically inactive material, such as cytokines bound to soluble receptors or degraded cytokine molecules. Bioassays, however, detect biologically active cytokines and can be as accurate and precise as immunoassays. The purpose of these protocols is to provide practical stepwise methods for the bioassay of cytokines using cytokine responsive cell lines. They include tables of the most useful currently available cell lines for the detection of cytokines and how to maintain them. In addition, these protocols provide all the materials and methods in a logical step-by-step procedure to carry out bioassays. Information is provided on possible pitfalls and general problems associated with bioassays and how to overcome them. These protocols should be valuable to scientists new to the cytokine field as well as experienced scientists who require a consensus methodology and access to information on cell lines useful for cytokine bioassays.
细胞因子已被证明参与许多生理过程，包括维持和控制一个健全的造血/免疫系统。细胞因子分泌或合成异常可导致多种病理紊乱。细胞因子在许多疾病中也显示出治疗潜力。为了评估细胞因子在正常和致病过程中的作用，使用合适的检测系统来测量它们在不同生物体液中的水平至关重要。虽然免疫测定可能是定量细胞因子更方便的方法，但它们只测量具有免疫反应性的物质。它们可能检测到也可能检测不到生物无活性物质，如与可溶性受体结合的细胞因子或降解的细胞因子分子。然而，生物测定可检测生物活性细胞因子，并且可以与免疫测定一样准确和精确。这些方案的目的是提供使用细胞因子反应性细胞系进行细胞因子生物测定的实用分步方法。它们包括目前用于检测细胞因子的最有用的细胞系表格以及如何保存这些细胞系。此外，这些方案以逻辑上的分步程序提供了进行生物测定的所有材料和方法。还提供了与生物测定相关的可能陷阱和常见问题以及如何克服这些问题的信息。这些方案对于细胞因子领域的新手科学家以及需要一致方法和获取对细胞因子生物测定有用的细胞系信息的经验丰富的科学家应该是有价值的。
