健康维护组织中吸烟者与非吸烟者子女对医疗服务的使用情况。
Use of health services by children of smokers and nonsmokers in a health maintenance organization.
作者信息
McBride C M, Lozano P, Curry S J, Rosner D, Grothaus L C
机构信息
Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1998 Jun;88(6):897-902. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.6.897.
OBJECTIVES
Use of health services by children of smokers and nonsmokers was compared to assess whether exposure to environmental tobacco smoke resulted in greater use of health services among children of smokers.
METHODS
Primary care and emergency room visits, asthma-related prescriptions, and inpatient stays over the 42-month study period were compared for children of smokers (n = 498) and nonsmokers (n = 1062) who were enrolled in a health maintenance organization. Parents of children aged 1 through 11 years were identified from participants in 2 randomized smoking cessation trials.
RESULTS
After adjustment for parental age, education, and health status and for child's age, there were no differences between children of smokers and children of nonsmokers in use of primary care or emergency room visits, asthma-related prescriptions, or inpatient stays. However, among those with any preventive care visits, children of smokers had significantly fewer visits than children of nonsmokers.
CONCLUSIONS
Further study is needed to elucidate whether parents who smoke underutilize health services for their children or use services differently from nonsmoking parents and whether these differences have cost implications.
目的
比较吸烟者和非吸烟者的子女对医疗服务的使用情况，以评估接触环境烟草烟雾是否会导致吸烟者的子女更多地使用医疗服务。
方法
对参加健康维护组织的吸烟者子女（n = 498）和非吸烟者子女（n = 1062）在42个月的研究期内的初级保健和急诊室就诊、哮喘相关处方以及住院情况进行了比较。从2项随机戒烟试验的参与者中确定了1至11岁儿童的父母。
结果
在对父母年龄、教育程度和健康状况以及孩子年龄进行调整后，吸烟者的子女和非吸烟者的子女在初级保健或急诊室就诊、哮喘相关处方或住院使用方面没有差异。然而，在进行过任何预防性保健就诊的人群中，吸烟者的子女就诊次数明显少于非吸烟者的子女。
结论
需要进一步研究以阐明吸烟的父母是否未充分利用其子女的医疗服务，或其使用服务的方式是否与不吸烟的父母不同，以及这些差异是否具有成本影响。
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