该地区的“幽灵”：美国贫困地区的居民与死亡率
Phantom of the area: poverty-area residence and mortality in the United States.
作者信息
Waitzman N J, Smith K R
机构信息
Department of Economics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112-9300, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1998 Jun;88(6):973-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.6.973.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the study was to conduct a national multivariate analysis on poverty-area residence and mortality in the United States.
METHODS
Proportional hazards analyses were performed of the effect of poverty-area residence on the risk of mortality among adult examinees in the 1971 through 1974 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who were followed through 1987.
RESULTS
Poverty-area residence was associated with significantly elevated risk of all-cause mortality (rate ratio = 1.78, 95% confidence interval = 1.33, 2.38) and some cause-specific mortality among those aged 25 through 54 years, but not among those aged 55 through 74 years, at baseline after adjustment for several individual and household characteristics.
CONCLUSIONS
Residence in poverty areas contributes to socioeconomic gradients in mortality among nonelderly adults in the United States.
摘要
目的
本研究旨在对美国贫困地区居住情况与死亡率进行全国性多变量分析。
方法
对1971年至1974年全国健康与营养检查调查中的成年受检者进行比例风险分析，这些受检者在1987年前一直处于跟踪状态，分析贫困地区居住情况对其死亡风险的影响。
结果
在对多个个体和家庭特征进行调整后，贫困地区居住与25至54岁人群的全因死亡率（率比=1.78，95%置信区间=1.33，2.38）及部分特定病因死亡率显著升高相关，但与55至74岁人群无关。
结论
在美国，贫困地区居住情况导致非老年成年人死亡率出现社会经济梯度差异。
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